facebook

  • AMERICA'S CUP
  • CLASSIFIEDS
  • NEWSLETTERS
  • SUBMIT NEWS

J Composites J/45

A Q&A with Eric Arens about the Richmond YC’s Great Pumpkin Regatta

richmond yacht club great pumpkin regatta

Related Articles

richmond yacht club great pumpkin regatta

what is a narrative research design

Narrative research.

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online: 13 January 2019
  • Cite this reference work entry

what is a narrative research design

  • Kayi Ntinda 2  

3073 Accesses

11 Citations

13 Altmetric

Narrative research aims to unravel consequential stories of people’s lives as told by them in their own words and worlds. In the context of the health, social sciences, and education, narrative research is both a data gathering and interpretive or analytical framework. It meets these twin goals admirably by having people make sense of their lived health and well-being in their social context as they understand it, including their self-belief-oriented stories. Narrative research falls within the realm of social constructivism or the philosophy that people’s lived stories capture the complexities and nuanced understanding of their significant experiences. This chapter presents a brief overview of the narrative research approaches as forms of inquiry based on storytelling and premised on the truth value of the stories to best represent the teller’s life world. The chapter also discusses data collection, analysis, and presentation utilizing narrative analysis. In doing so, this chapter provides illustrative examples applying narrative-oriented approaches to research in the health and social sciences. The chapter concludes by outlining the importance of narrative research to person-centric investigations in which the teller-informant view matters to the resulting body of knowledge.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save.

  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

what is a narrative research design

The Power and Possibility of Narrative Research: Challenges and Opportunities

Narrative analysis.

Andrews M, Squire C, Tamboukou M, editors. Doing narrative research. London: Sage; 2013.

Google Scholar  

Appel D, Papaikonomou M. Narratives on death and bereavement from three South African cultures: an exploratory study. J Psychol Afr. 2013;23(3):453–8.

Article   Google Scholar  

Atkinson P, Delamont S. Rescuing narrative from qualitative research. Narrat Inq. 2006;16(1):164–72.

Bleakley A. Writing with invisible ink: narrative, confessionalism and reflective practice. Reflective Pract. 2000;1(1):11–24.

Bochner AP. Notes toward an ethics of memory in autoethnographic inquiry. Ethical futures in qualitative research: decolonizing the politics of knowledge. 2007;197–208.

Bruner J. Life as narrative. Soc Res. 2004;71(3):691–710.

Caracciolo M. Narrative, meaning, interpretation: an enactivist approach. Phenomenol Cogn Sci. 2012;11:367–84.

Clandinin DJ. Engaging in narrative inquiry. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press; 2013.

Clandinin DJ, Connelly FM. Narrative inquiry: experience and story in qualitative research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2000.

Clandinin DJ, Huber J. Narrative inquiry. In: McGaw B, Baker E, Peterson PP, editors. International encyclopaedia of education. 3rd ed. New York: Elsevier; in press.

Chapter   Google Scholar  

Clandinin DJ, Rosiek G. Mapping a landscape of narrative inquiry: borderland, spaces and tensions. In: Clandinin DJ, editor. Handbook of narrative inquiry: mapping a methodology. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2007. p. 35–76.

Clandinin DJ, Murphy MS, Huber J, Orr AM. Negotiating narrative inquiries: living in a tension-filled midst. J Educ Res. 2009;103(2):81–90.

Cochran L. The promise of narrative career counselling. In: Maree K, editor. Shaping the story: a guide to facilitating narrative counselling. Pretoria: Van Schaik; 2007. p. 7–19.

Connelly FM, Clandinin DJ. Stories of experience and narrative inquiry. Educ Res. 1990;19(5):2–14.

Connelly FM, Clandinin DJ. Narrative inquiry. In: Green JL, Camilli G, Elmore P, editors. Handbook of complementary methods in education research. 3rd ed. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2006. p. 477–87.

Craig C, Huber J. Relational reverberation: shaping and reshaping narrative inquires in the midst of storied lives and contexts. In: Clandinin DJ, editor. Handbook of narrative inquiry: mapping a methodology. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2007. p. 251–79.

Creswell JW. Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall; 2012.

Crotty M. The foundations of social research: meaning and perspectives in research process. London: Sage; 1998.

Currie G. Narratives and narrators: a philosophy of stories. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010.

Book   Google Scholar  

Denzin NK, Lincoln Y. The landscape of qualitative research: theories and issues. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2000.

Ellis C, Bochner AP. Autoethnography, personal narrative, reflexivity: researcher as subject. In: Denzin NK, Lincoln YS, editors. Handbook of qualitative research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2000. p. 733–68.

Ellis C, Bochner AP. Autoethnography, personal narrative, reflexivity: researcher as subject. In: Denzin NK, Lincoln YS, editors. Handbook of qualitative research. 2nd ed. London: Sage; 2005. p. 733–68.

Eloff I. Narrative therapy as career counselling. In: Maree K, Ebersohn L, editors. Lifekills and career counselling. Sandton: Heinemann; 2002. p. 129–38.

Errante A. But sometimes you’re not part of the story: oral histories and ways of remembering and telling. Educ Res. 2000;29(2):16–27.

Frank AW. Illness and autobiographical work: dialogue as narrative destabilization. Qual Sociol. 2000;23(1):135–56.

Frank AW. Why study people’s stories? The dialogical ethics of narrative analysis. Int J Qual Methods. 2002;1(1):109–17.

Freeman M. Autobiographical understanding and narrative inquiry. In: Clandinin DJ, editor. Handbook of narrative inquiry: mapping a methodology. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2007. p. 120–45.

Gadow S. Relational narrative: the postmodern turn in nursing ethics. Sch Inq Nurs Pract. 1999;13(1):57–70.

Gibson M. Narrative practice and social work education: using a narrative approach in social work practice education to develop struggling social work students. Practice. 2012;24(1):53–65.

Heidari F, Amiri A, Amiri Z. The effect of person-centered narrative therapy on happiness and death anxiety of elderly people. Asian Soc Sci. 2016;12(10):117–26. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n10p117 .

Herman D. Basic elements of narrative. Chichester: Wiley-Balckwell; 2009.

Jeon YH, Kraus SG, Jowsey T, Glasgow NJ. The experience of living with chronic heart failure: a narrative review of qualitative studies. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10(77):2–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-77 .

Kim JH. For whom the school bell toll: conflicting voices inside an alternative high school. Int J Educ Arts. 2006;7(6):1–19.

Kim JH, Latta MM. Narrative inquiry: seeking relations as modes of interactions. J Educ Res. 2009;103(2):69–71.

Kim SK, Park M. Effectiveness of person-centered care on people with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:381–97. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S117637 .

Maree JG, Ebersöhn L, Biagione-Cerone A. The effect of narrative career facilitation on the personal growth of a disadvantaged student – a case study. J Psychol Afr. 2010;20(3):403–11.

McMullen C, Braithwaite I. Narrative inquiry and the study of collaborative branding activity. Electron J Bus Res Methods. 2013;11(2):92–104.

Murphy N, Aquino-Russell C. Nurses practice beyond simple advocacy to engage in relational narratives: expanding opportunities for persons to influence the public space. Open Nurs J. 2008;2(40):40–7.

Newby P. Research methods for education. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge; 2014.

Ngazimbi EE, Hagedorn WB, Shillingford MA. Counselling caregivers of families affected by HIV/AIDS: the use of narrative therapy. J Psychol Afr. 2008;18(2):317–23.

Ntinda K. Constructing a framework for use of psychometric tests in schools: a consumer-oriented approach. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Botswana: University of Botswana; 2012.

Nwoye A. A narrative approach to child and family therapy in Africa. Contemp Fam Ther. 2006;28(1):1–23.

Rhodes C, Brown AD. Narrative, organizations and research. Int J Manag Rev. 2005;7(3):167–88.

Riessman CK. Narrative methods for the human sciences. Los Angeles: Sage; 2008.

Riessman CK, Quinney L. Narrative in social work: a critical review. Qual Soc Work. 2005;4(4):391–412.

Savin-Baden M, Niekerk LV. Narrative inquiry: theory and practice. J Geogr High Educ. 2007;31(3):459–472.

Spector-Mersel G. Narrative research: time for the paradigm. Narrat Inq. 2010;20(1):204–24.

Trahar S. Beyond the story itself: narrative inquiry and autoethnography in intercultural research in higher education [41 paragraphs]. Forum Qual Soc Res. 2009;10(1):Art. 30. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0901308 .

Tsianakas V, Maben J, Wiseman T, Robert G, Richardson A, Madden P, Griffin M, Davies EA. Using patients’ experiences to identify priorities for quality improvement in breast cancer care: patient narratives, surveys or both? BMC Health Serv Res. 2012;12(271):2–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-12-271 .

Wang CC. Conversation with presence: a narrative inquiry into the learning experience of Chinese students studying nursing at Australian universities. Chin Nurs Res. 2017;4:43–50.

Wang CC, Geale SK. The power of story: narrative inquiry as a methodology in nursing research. Int J Nurs Sci. 2015;2(2):195–8.

Wood K, Chase E, Aggleton P. ‘Telling the truth is the best thing’: teenage orphans’ experiences of parental AIDS-related illness and bereavement in Zimbabwe. Soc Sci Med. 2006;63(7):1923–33.

Zulu NT, Munro N. “I am making it without you, dad”: resilient academic identities of black female university students with absent fathers: an exploratory multiple case study. J Psychol Afr. 2017;27(2):172–9.

Download references

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Discipline of Educational counselling and Mixed-methods Inquiry Approaches, Faculty of Education, Office C.3.5, University of Swaziland, Kwaluseni Campus, Manzini, Swaziland

Kayi Ntinda

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kayi Ntinda .

Editor information

Editors and affiliations.

School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia

Pranee Liamputtong

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Cite this entry.

Ntinda, K. (2019). Narrative Research. In: Liamputtong, P. (eds) Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4_79

Download citation

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5251-4_79

Published : 13 January 2019

Publisher Name : Springer, Singapore

Print ISBN : 978-981-10-5250-7

Online ISBN : 978-981-10-5251-4

eBook Packages : Social Sciences Reference Module Humanities and Social Sciences Reference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Share this entry

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

  • Publish with us

Policies and ethics

  • Find a journal
  • Track your research

Qualitative Research: Narrative

  • Qualitative Research Texts
  • Interviewing

What is Narrative Analysis?

Narrative research  is a term that subsumes a group of approaches that in turn rely on the written or spoken words or visual representation of individuals. These approaches typically focus on the lives of individuals as told through their own stories. Clandinin and Connelly define it as "a way of understanding and inquiring into experience through “collaboration between researcher and participants, over time, in a place or series of places, and in social interaction with milieus” ( Clandinin  & Connelly, 2000, p. 20)."

Books available at CSL

what is a narrative research design

Books available through MOBIUS

what is a narrative research design

Helpful Articles

  • Narrative Analysis Survey of the science of Narrative Analysis by Catherine Kohler Riessman, a leading voice in the field.
  • The state of the art in Narrative Inquiry Reflections on narrative inquiry and the status of the field.
  • Stories of Experience and Narrative Inquiry This paper briefly surveys forms of narrative inquiry in educational studies and outline certain criteria, methods, and writing forms, which are described in terms of beginning the story, living the story, and selecting stories to construct and reconstruct narrative plots.
  • Validity in Issues of Narrative Research Examines the question of validity in narrative studies.
  • << Previous: Interviewing
  • Last Updated: Mar 10, 2023 2:59 PM
  • URL: https://csl.libguides.com/qualitative

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

  • Publications
  • Account settings

Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October 2024. Learn More or Try it out now .

Advanced Search

  • Journal List
  • Front Psychol

Methods for Conducting and Publishing Narrative Research With Undergraduates

Azriel grysman.

1 Psychology Department, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, United States

Jennifer Lodi-Smith

2 Department of Psychological Sciences and Institute for Autism Research, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY, United States

Introduction

Narrative research systematically codes individual differences in the ways in which participants story crucial events in their lives to understand the extent to which they create meaning and purpose (McAdams, 2008 ). These narrative descriptions of life events address a diverse array of topics, such as personality (McAdams and Guo, 2015 ), development (Fivush et al., 2006 ), clinical applications (Banks and Salmon, 2013 ), well-being (Adler et al., 2016 ), gender (Grysman et al., 2016 ), and older adult memory decline (Levine et al., 2002 ).

Narrative research is an ideal way to involve undergraduate students as contributors to broader projects and often as co-authors. In narrative or mixed method research, undergraduates have the opportunity to think critically about methodology during study construction and implementation, and then by engaging with questions of construct validity when exploring how different methods yield complementary data on one topic. In narrative research in psychology, students collect data, as in many traditional psychology laboratories, but they collect either typed or spoken narratives and then extensively code narratives before quantitative data analysis can occur. Narrative research thus provides a unique opportunity to blend the psychological realities captured by qualitative data with the rigors of quantitative methods.

Narrative researchers start by establishing the construct of interest, deciding when coding narratives for this construct is the most effective form of measurement, rather than a questionnaire or some other form of assessment. A coding manual is developed or adopted, and all coders study the manual, practice implementing it, and discuss the process and any disagreements until the team is confident that all coders are implementing the rules in a similar way. A reliability set is then initiated, such that coders assess a group of narratives from the data of interest independently, compare their codes, and conduct reliability statistics (e.g., Intraclass coefficient, Cohen's kappa). When a predetermined threshold of agreement has been reached and a sufficient percentage of the narrative data has been coded, the two raters are deemed sufficiently similar, disagreements are resolved (by conversation or vote), and one coder completes the remainder of the narrative data. Readers are directed to Syed and Nelson ( 2015 ) and to Adler et al. ( 2017 ) for further details regarding this process, as these papers provide greater depth regarding best practices coding.

Narrative Coding in an Undergraduate Laboratory: Common Challenges and Best Practices

When are students co-authors.

Narrative coding requires heavy investment of time and energy from the student, but time and energy are not the only qualities that matter when deciding on authorship. Because students are often shielded from hypotheses for the duration of coding in order to maintain objectivity and to not bias them in their coding decisions, researchers may be in a bind when data finally arrive; they want to move toward writing but students are not yet sufficiently knowledgeable to act as co-authors. Kosslyn ( 2002 ) outlines six criteria for establishing authorship (see also Fine and Kurdek, 1993 ), and includes a scoring system for the idea, design, implementation (i.e., creation of materials), conducting the experiment, data analysis, and writing. A student who puts countless hours into narrative coding has still only contributed to conducting the experiment or data analysis. If the goal is including students as authors, researchers should consider these many stages as entry points into the research process. After coding has completed, students should read background literature while data are analyzed and be included in the writing process, as detailed below (see “the route to publishing”). In addition, explicit conversations with students about their roles and expectations in a project are always advised.

Roadblocks to Student Education

One concern of a researcher managing a narrative lab is communicating the goals and methods of the interrater process to student research assistants, who have likely never encountered a process like this before. Adding to this challenge is the fact that often researchers shield undergraduates from the study's hypotheses to reduce bias and maintain their objectivity, which can serve as a roadblock both for students' education and involvement in the project and for their ability to make decisions in borderline cases. Clearly communicating the goals and methods involved in a coding project are essential, as is planning for the time needed to orient students to the hypotheses after coding if they are to be included in the later steps of data analysis and writing. In the following two sections, we expand on challenges that arise in this vein and how we have addressed them.

Interpersonal Dynamics

A critical challenge in the interrater process addresses students' experience of power relationships, self-esteem, and internalization of the coding process. In the early stages, students often disagree on how to code a given narrative. Especially when the professor mediates these early disagreements, students might feel intimidated by a professor who sides with one student more consistently than another. Furthermore, disagreeing with a fellow student may be perceived as putting them down; students often hedge explanations with statements like “I was on the fence between those two,” and “you're probably right.” These interpersonal concerns must be addressed early in the coding process, with the goal of translating a theoretical construct into guidelines for making difficult decisions with idiosyncratic data. In the course of this process, students make the most progress by explaining their assumptions and decision process, to help identify points of divergence. Rules-of-thumb that are established in this process will be essential for future cases, increasing agreement but also creating a shared sense of coding goals so that it can be implemented consistently in new circumstances. Thus, interpersonal concerns and intimidation undermine the interrater process by introducing motivations for picking a particular code, ultimately creating a bias in the name of saving face and achieving agreement rather than leading toward agreement because of a shared representation of micro-level decisions that support the coding system.

Clearly communicating the goal of the interrater process is key to establishing a productive coding environment, mitigating the pitfalls described above. One of us (AG) begins coding meetings by discussing the goals of the interrater process, emphasizing that disagreeing ultimately helps us clarify assumptions and prevents future disagreements. If the professor agrees with one person more than another, it is not a sign of favoritism or greater intelligence. Given the novelty of the coding task and undergraduate students' developmental stage, students sometimes need reassurance emphasizing that some people are better at some coding systems than others, or even that some are better coders, and that these skills should not be connected to overall worth.

The next set of challenges pertains to students' own life settings. Depending on the structure of research opportunities in a given department, students work limited hours per week on a project, are commonly only available during the academic semester, and are often pulled by competing commitments. Researchers should establish a framework to help students stay focused on the coding project and complete a meaningful unit of coding before various vacations, semesters abroad, or leaving the laboratory to pursue other interests. This paper discusses best practices that help circumvent these pitfalls, but we recommend designing projects with them in mind. Some coding systems are better suited to semester-long commitments of 3 h per week whereas others need larger time commitments, such as from students completing summer research. It is helpful to identify RAs' long-term plans across semesters, knowing who is going abroad, who expects to stay in the lab, and assigning projects accordingly.

Building a robust collaborative environment can shape an invested team who will be engaged in the sustained efforts needed for successful narrative research. In one of our labs (JLS), general lab meetings are conducted to discuss coding protocols and do collaborative practice. Then an experienced coder is paired with a new lab member. The experienced coder codes while walking the new coder through the decision process for a week's worth of assigned coding. The new coder practices on a standard set of practice narratives under the supervision of the experienced coder, discussing the process throughout. The new coder's work is checked for agreement with published codes and years of other practice coders. The new coder then codes new narratives under the supervision of the experienced coder for 2 weeks or until comfortable coding independently. The most experienced and conscientious junior applies for an internal grant each year to be the lab manager during senior year. This lab manager assigns weekly coding and assists with practical concerns. Coding challenges are discussed at weekly lab meetings. More experienced coders also lead weekly “discrepancy meetings” where two or three trained coders review discrepancies in a coded data set and come to a consensus rating. Such meetings give the students further learning and leadership opportunities. These meetings are done in small teams to accommodate the students' differing schedules and help build understanding of the constructs and a good dynamic in the team.

The Route to Publishing With Undergraduates in Narrative Psychology

When coding has successfully been completed, researchers then have the opportunity to publish their work with undergraduates. When talented students are involved on projects, the transition to writing completes their research experience. A timeline should be established and a process clearly identified: who is the lead author? Is that person writing the whole manuscript and the second author editing or are different sections being written? We have considered all these approaches depending on the abilities and circumstances of the undergraduate. In one example Grysman and Denney ( 2017 ), AG sent successive sections to the student for editing throughout the writing process. In another, because of the student's ability in quantitative analysis and figure creation (Grysman and Dimakis, 2018 ), the undergraduate took the lead on results, and edited the researcher's writing for the introduction and discussion. In a third (Meisels and Grysman, submitted), the undergraduate more centrally designed the study as an honors thesis, and is writing up the manuscript while the researcher edits and writes the heavier statistics and methodological pieces. In another example, Lodi-Smith et al. ( 2009 ) archival open-ended responses were available to code for new constructs, allowing for a shorter project time frame than collecting new narrative data. The undergraduate student's three-semester honors thesis provided the time, scope, and opportunity to code and analyze archival narratives of personality change during college. As narrative labs often have a rich pool of archival data from which new studies can emerge, they can be a rich source of novel data for undergraduate projects.

In sum, there isn't one model of how to yield publishable work, but once the core of a narrative lab has been established, the researcher can flexibly include undergraduates in the writing process to differing degrees. As in other programs of research, students have the opportunity to learn best practices in data collection and analysis in projects they are not actively coding. Because of the need to keep coders blind to study hypotheses it is often helpful to maintain multiple projects in different points of development. Students can gain experience across the research process helping collect new data, coding existing narratives, and analyzing and writing up the coding of previous cohorts of students.

Most importantly, narrative research gives students an opportunity to learn about individuals beyond what they learn in the systematic research process and outcomes of their research. The majority of undergraduate research assistants are not going on to careers as psychologists conducting academic research on narrative identity. Many undergraduate psychology students will work in clinical/counseling settings, in social work, or in related mental health fields. The skills learned in a narrative research lab can generalize far beyond the specific goals of the research team. By reading individual narratives, students and faculty have the opportunity to learn about the lived life, hearing the reality in how people story trauma, success, challenges, and change. They can begin to see subtlety and nuance beyond their own experience and come to appreciate the importance of asking questions and learning from the answers.

Author Contributions

All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Funding. Funding for this article is supported by an internal grant from Hamilton College.

  • Adler J. M., Dunlop W. L., Fivush R., Lilgendahl J. P., Lodi-Smith J., McAdams D. P., et al. (2017). Research methods for studying narrative identity: a primer . Soc. Psychol. Pers. Sci. 8 , 519–527. [ Google Scholar ]
  • Adler J. M., Lodi-Smith J., Philippe F. L., Houle I. (2016). The incremental validity of narrative identity in predicting well-being: a review of the field and recommendations for the future . Person. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 20 , 142–175. 10.1177/1088868315585068 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Banks M. V., Salmon K. (2013). Reasoning about the self in positive and negative ways: Relationship to psychological functioning in young adulthood . Memory 21 , 10–26. 10.1080/09658211.2012.707213 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Fine M. A., Kurdek L. A. (1993). Reflections on determining authorship credit and authorship order on faculty-student collaborations . Am. Psychol. 48 :1141. [ Google Scholar ]
  • Fivush R., Haden C. A., Reese E. (2006). Elaborating on elaborations: Role of maternal reminiscing style in cognitive and social development . Child Dev. 77 , 1568–1588. 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00960.x [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Grysman A., Denney A. (2017). Context and content of gendered autobiographical memories: the roles of experimenter gender and medium of report . Memory 25 , 132–145. 10.1080/09658211.2015.1133829 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Grysman A., Dimakis S. (2018). Later adults' cultural life scripts of middle and later adulthood . Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. 25 , 406–426. 10.1080/13825585.2017.1319458 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Grysman A., Fivush R., Merrill N. A., Graci M. (2016). The influence of gender and gender typicality on autobiographical memory across event types and age groups . Mem. Cognit. 44 , 856–868. 10.3758/s13421-016-0610-2 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Kosslyn S. (2002). Criteria for Authorship . Available online at: https://kosslynlab.fas.harvard.edu/files/kosslynlab/files/authorship_criteria_nov02.pdf
  • Levine B., Svoboda E., Hay J. F., Winocur G., Moscovitch M. (2002). Aging and autobiographical memory: dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval . Psychol. Aging 17 , 677–689. 10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.677 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Lodi-Smith J., Geise A. C., Roberts B. W., Robins R. W. (2009). Narrating personality change . J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 96 , 679–689. 10.1037/a0014611 [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • McAdams D. P. (2008). The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. [ Google Scholar ]
  • McAdams D. P., Guo J. (2015). Narrating the generative life . Psychol. Sci. 26 , 475–483. 10.1177/0956797614568318 [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]
  • Syed M., Nelson S. C. (2015). Guidelines for establishing reliability when coding narrative data . Emerg. Adulth. 3 , 375–387. 10.1177/2167696815587648 [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ]

Qualitative study design: Narrative inquiry

  • Qualitative study design
  • Phenomenology
  • Grounded theory
  • Ethnography

Narrative inquiry

  • Action research
  • Case Studies
  • Field research
  • Focus groups
  • Observation
  • Surveys & questionnaires
  • Study Designs Home

Narrative inquiry can reveal unique perspectives and deeper understanding of a situation. Often giving voice to marginalised populations whose perspective is not often sought. 

Narrative inquiry records the experiences of an individual or small group, revealing the lived experience or particular perspective of that individual, usually primarily through interview which is then recorded and ordered into a chronological narrative. Often recorded as biography, life history or in the case of older/ancient traditional story recording - oral history.  

  • Qualitative survey 
  • Recordings of oral history (documents can be used as support for correlation and triangulation of information mentioned in interview.) 
  • Focus groups can be used where the focus is a small group or community. 

Reveals in-depth detail of a situation or life experience.  

Can reveal historically significant issues not elsewhere recorded. 

Narrative research was considered a way to democratise the documentation and lived experience of a wider gamut of society. In the past only the rich could afford a biographer to have their life experience recorded, narrative research gave voice to marginalised people and their lived experience. 

Limitations

“The Hawthorne Effect is the tendency, particularly in social experiments, for people to modify their behaviour because they know they are being studied, and so to distort (usually unwittingly) the research findings.” SRMO  

The researcher must be heavily embedded in the topic with a broad understanding of the subject’s life experience in order to effectively and realistically represent the subject’s life experience. 

There is a lot of data to be worked through making this a time-consuming method beyond even the interview process itself. 

Subject’s will focus on their lived experience and not comment on the greater social movements at work at the time. For example, how the Global Financial Crisis affected their lives, not what caused the Global Financial Crisis. 

This research method relies heavily on the memory of the subject. Therefore, triangulation of the information is recommended such as asking the question in a different way, at a later date, looking for correlating documentation or interviewing similarly related participants. 

Example questions

  • What is the lived experience of a home carer for a terminal cancer patient? 
  • What is it like for parents to have their children die young? 
  • What was the role of the nurse in Australian hospitals in the 1960s? 
  • What is it like to live with cerebral palsy? 
  • What are the difficulties of living in a wheelchair? 

Example studies

  • Francis, M. (2018). A Narrative Inquiry Into the Experience of Being a Victim of Gun Violence. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 25(6), 381–388. https://doi-org.ezproxy-f.deakin.edu.au/10.1097/JTN.0000000000000406 
  •  Kean, B., Oprescu, F., Gray, M., & Burkett, B. (2018). Commitment to physical activity and health: A case study of a paralympic gold medallist. Disability and Rehabilitation, 40(17), 2093-2097. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1323234  https://doi-org.ezproxy-f.deakin.edu.au/10.1080/09638288.2017.1323234
  • Liamputtong, P. (2009). Qualitative research methods. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.deakin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat00097a&AN=deakin.b2351301&site=eds-live   
  • Padgett, D. (2012). Qualitative and mixed methods in public health. SAGE. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.deakin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat00097a&AN=deakin.b3657335&authtype=sso&custid=deakin&site=eds-live&scope=site    
  • << Previous: Historical
  • Next: Action research >>
  • Last Updated: Jul 3, 2024 11:46 AM
  • URL: https://deakin.libguides.com/qualitative-study-designs

what is a narrative research design

Qualitative Research Methods

  • Gumberg Library and CIQR
  • Qualitative Methods Overview
  • Grounded Theory

Narrative Inquiry

  • Oral History
  • Feminist Approaches
  • Action Research
  • Finding Books
  • Getting Help

Narrative inquiry uses stories to understand social patterns.  Stories from the participants and stories created by researchers from information they gather from participants are at the heart of narrative inquiry.  Life history and biography research is sometimes categorized as narrative inquiry.  

Books and eBooks

what is a narrative research design

Online Resources

  • << Previous: Grounded Theory
  • Next: Oral History >>
  • Last Updated: Aug 18, 2023 11:56 AM
  • URL: https://guides.library.duq.edu/qualitative_research

Jennifer R. Wolgemuth at University of South Florida

  • University of South Florida

Vonzell Agosto at University of South Florida

Discover the world's research

  • 25+ million members
  • 160+ million publication pages
  • 2.3+ billion citations

Carol Nash

  • L T Om Prakash
  • Oswaldo Castro Romero

Juliet Chinedu Alex-Nmecha

  • Chandra Lesmana

Elly Malihah

  • Tigist Metaferia
  • Zenebe Baraki
  • Belete Mebratu

Putu Kerti Nitiasih

  • I Nyoman Adi Jaya Putra

Rahayu Budiarta

  • Gede Suadnya Suastika

Deborah Lees

  • Chris J. Patti

Jennifer R. Wolgemuth

  • Jerome Bruner

Richard Sawyer

  • HARVARD LAW REV

David Burrell

  • Alasdair MacIntyre
  • Derrick Bell
  • Martha A. Field

D Jean Clandinin

  • F. Michael Connelly
  • Recruit researchers
  • Join for free
  • Login Email Tip: Most researchers use their institutional email address as their ResearchGate login Password Forgot password? Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with Google Welcome back! Please log in. Email · Hint Tip: Most researchers use their institutional email address as their ResearchGate login Password Forgot password? Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with Google No account? Sign up
  • Advanced search

American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science

A Narrative Approach to Qualitative Inquiry

  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Info & Metrics

This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.

  • University of Kentucky, College of Health Sciences, Lexington, KY
  • Address for Correspondence: Michelle Butina, PhD, MLS(ASCP) CM , Assistant Professor and Program Director, Medical Laboratory Science, University of Kentucky, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone Street, CTW Bldg. Rm. 126E, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, (859) 218-0852, Michelle.Butina{at}uky.edu

Provide an example of when narrative inquiry would be the most appropriate qualitative research approach.

Identify the activities involved in data collection.

Define and describe narrative thematic data analysis.

Discuss data verification and validation strategies used in qualitative research approaches.

INTRODUCTION When selecting a research design, such as quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods, Patton (2002) suggested reflecting on the purpose of the inquiry and the types of answers you seek. 1 Qualitative methods allow the researcher to study issues in depth with data collection often occurring through open-ended questions permitting “one to understand and capture the points of view of other people without predetermining those points of view through prior selection of questionnaire categories”. 1 Results include a wealth of detailed information about a small number of people; therefore, leading to an increase in the depth of understanding of these select individuals.

As Creswell (2013) stated, “Those undertaking qualitative studies have a baffling number of choices of approaches”. 2 Qualitative approaches of inquiry are diverse and can be numerous depending upon how they are classified as some classification schemes include 20 plus approaches. 2 Regardless of how they are classified, the traditional 5 approaches are represented, in some fashion, in all classification schemes. These include case studies, ethnography, grounded theory, narrative, and phenomenology. This article will provide the reader with a better understanding of narrative approach or narrative inquiry.

Narrative inquiry is the approach of which I have the most knowledge and the most experience with as it was the approach I selected for my doctoral research study. Narrative inquiry is a form of qualitative research in which the stories themselves become the raw data. 3 This approach has been used in many disciplines to learn more about the culture, historical experiences, identity, and lifestyle…

  • Data coding
  • data validation
  • narrative inquiry
  • professional identity
  • qualitative research methods
  • © Copyright 2015 American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Inc. All rights reserved.

In this issue

American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science: 28 (3)

  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Front Matter (PDF)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Citation Manager Formats

  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager

Reddit logo

  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

Related articles.

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Impact of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses for myopia control on quality of life of the children: a qualitative study
  • Practices and challenges of community engagement in health research in Ethiopia: a qualitative study
  • The experiences of Indigenous people with cancer in Saskatchewan: a patient-oriented qualitative study using a sharing circle

More in this TOC Section

  • Conducting Qualitative Research Introduction
  • Conducting Case Study Research

Similar Articles

  • data coding

Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research Design: Understanding the Differences

what is a narrative research design

As a future professional in the social and education landscape, research design is one of the most critical strategies that you will master to identify challenges, ask questions and form data-driven solutions to address problems specific to your industry. 

Many approaches to research design exist, and not all work in every circumstance. While all data-focused research methods are valid in their own right, certain research design methods are more appropriate for specific study objectives.

Unlock our resource to learn more about jump starting a career in research design — Research Design and Data Analysis for the Social Good .

We will discuss the differences between quantitative (numerical and statistics-focused) and qualitative (non-numerical and human-focused) research design methods so that you can determine which approach is most strategic given your specific area of graduate-level study. 

Understanding Social Phenomena: Qualitative Research Design

Qualitative research focuses on understanding a phenomenon based on human experience and individual perception. It is a non-numerical methodology relying on interpreting a process or result. Qualitative research also paves the way for uncovering other hypotheses related to social phenomena. 

In its most basic form, qualitative research is exploratory in nature and seeks to understand the subjective experience of individuals based on social reality.

Qualitative data is…

  • often used in fields related to education, sociology and anthropology; 
  • designed to arrive at conclusions regarding social phenomena; 
  • focused on data-gathering techniques like interviews, focus groups or case studies; 
  • dedicated to perpetuating a flexible, adaptive approach to data gathering;
  • known to lead professionals to deeper insights within the overall research study.

You want to use qualitative data research design if:

  • you work in a field concerned with enhancing humankind through the lens of social change;
  • your research focuses on understanding complex social trends and individual perceptions of those trends;
  • you have interests related to human development and interpersonal relationships.

Examples of Qualitative Research Design in Education

Here are just a few examples of how qualitative research design methods can impact education:

Example 1: Former educators participate in in-depth interviews to help determine why a specific school is experiencing a higher-than-average turnover rate compared to other schools in the region. These interviews help determine the types of resources that will make a difference in teacher retention. 

Example 2: Focus group discussions occur to understand the challenges that neurodivergent students experience in the classroom daily. These discussions prepare administrators, staff, teachers and parents to understand the kinds of support that will augment and improve student outcomes.

Example 3: Case studies examine the impacts of a new education policy that limits the number of teacher aids required in a special needs classroom. These findings help policymakers determine whether the new policy affects the learning outcomes of a particular class of students.

Interpreting the Numbers: Quantitative Research Design

Quantitative research tests hypotheses and measures connections between variables. It relies on insights derived from numbers — countable, measurable and statistically sound data. Quantitative research is a strategic research design used when basing critical decisions on statistical conclusions and quantifiable data.

Quantitative research provides numerical-backed quantifiable data that may approve or discount a theory or hypothesis.

Quantitative data is…

  • often used in fields related to education, data analysis and healthcare; 
  • designed to arrive at numerical, statistical conclusions based on objective facts;
  • focused on data-gathering techniques like experiments, surveys or observations;
  • dedicated to using mathematical principles to arrive at conclusions;
  • known to lead professionals to indisputable observations within the overall research study.

You want to use quantitative data research design if:

  • you work in a field concerned with analyzing data to inform decisions;
  • your research focuses on studying relationships between variables to form data-driven conclusions;
  • you have interests related to mathematics, statistical analysis and data science.

Examples of Quantitative Research Design in Education

Here are just a few examples of how quantitative research design methods may impact education:

Example 1: Researchers compile data to understand the connection between class sizes and standardized test scores. Researchers can determine if and what the relationship is between smaller, intimate class sizes and higher test scores for grade-school children using statistical and data analysis.

Example 2: Professionals conduct an experiment in which a group of high school students must complete a certain number of community service hours before graduation. Researchers compare those students to another group of students who did not complete service hours — using statistical analysis to determine if the requirement increased college acceptance rates.

Example 3: Teachers take a survey to examine an education policy that restricts the number of extracurricular activities offered at a particular academic institution. The findings help better understand the far-reaching impacts of extracurricular opportunities on academic performance.

Making the Most of Research Design Methods for Good: Vanderbilt University’s Peabody College

Vanderbilt University's Peabody College of Education and Human Development offers a variety of respected, nationally-recognized graduate programs designed with future agents of social change in mind. We foster a culture of excellence and compassion and guide you to become the best you can be — both in the classroom and beyond.

At Peabody College, you will experience

  • an inclusive, welcoming community of like-minded professionals;
  • the guidance of expert faculty with real-world industry experience;
  • opportunities for valuable, hands-on learning experiences,
  • the option of specializing depending on your specific area of interest.

Explore our monthly publication — Ideas in Action — for an inside look at how Peabody College translates discoveries into action.

Please click below to explore a few of the graduate degrees offered at Peabody College:

  • Child Studies M.Ed. — a rigorous Master of Education degree that prepares students to examine the developmental, learning and social issues concerning children and that allows students to choose from one of two tracks (the Clinical and Developmental Research Track or the Applied Professional Track).
  • Cognitive Psychology in Context M.S. — an impactful Master of Science program that emphasizes research design and statistical analysis to understand cognitive processes and real-world applications best, making it perfect for those interested in pursuing doctoral studies in cognitive science.
  • Education Policy M.P.P — an analysis-focused Master of Public Policy program designed for future leaders in education policy and practice, allowing students to specialize in either K-12 Education Policy, Higher Education Policy or Quantitative Methods in Education Policy. 
  • Quantitative Methods M.Ed. — a data-driven Master of Education degree that teaches the theory and application of quantitative analysis in behavioral, social and educational sciences.

Connect with the Community of Professionals Seeking to Enhance Humankind at Peabody College

At Peabody College, we equip you with the marketable, transferable skills needed to secure a valuable career in education and beyond. You will emerge from the graduate program of your choice ready to enhance humankind in more meaningful ways than you could have imagined.

If you want to develop the sought-after skills needed to be a force for change in the social and educational spaces, you are in the right place .

We invite you to request more information ; we will connect you with an admissions professional who can answer all your questions about choosing one of these transformative graduate degrees at Peabody College. You may also take this opportunity to review our admissions requirements and start your online application today. 

A young boy is sitting at a table with his parents.

Subscribe to the Blog

← All Posts

Media Inquiries

615-322-6397 Email

Latest Stories

7 quantitative data careers in education that can make a difference, the rewarding outcomes of being a special education teacher, should i earn an m.p.p. degree in education policy 4 questions to ask, keep reading.

what is a narrative research design

Explore Stories by Topic

  • M.Ed. Degrees
  • Research Design

Heritage Foundation President Kevin Roberts on Project 2025 and Trump: “Our respective staffs have been in conversation throughout the campaign”

Roberts: “I suspect very soon the President and his staff and I will sit down and talk through all of this.”

Written by Media Matters Staff

Published 07/12/24 10:24 AM EDT

Citation From the July 11, 2024, edition of BlazeTV's Blaze News Tonight

MATTHEW PETERSON (BLAZE MEDIA EDITOR-IN-CHIEF): Have you been in touch, or will you be in touch, with Donald Trump and the campaign to correct some of this misinformation that's been out there and is really everywhere these days?

KEVIN ROBERTS (HERITAGE FOUNDATION): Our respective staffs have been in conversation throughout the campaign on the matters of policy. I suspect very soon the President and his staff and I will sit down and talk through all of this. I'm really gratified by President Trump's most recent statement in which he called out the mischaracterization of the left.

He knows, and his staff knows, there are no hard feelings from us as it relates to their campaign wanting to distance themselves from Project 2025 because the left has spent millions of dollars on it. The other thing, too, Matthew, as you no doubt understand, it's important for there to be some distancing here. The President is running a campaign. They are, by nature, a political activity. Heritage Foundation all of the other groups in Project 2025 are nonpartisan nonprofits, although we're unabashedly conservative. So in a lot of ways this is a reclarification of what always happens since 1980, which is that the presidential campaign runs in its lane, the Republican Party runs in its lane, and those of us who are offering personnel and policy from the outside are offering, are doing what we do which is being focused on those two things.

Read the Latest on Page Six

  • Weird But True
  • Sex & Relationships
  • Viral Trends
  • Human Interest
  • Fashion & Beauty
  • Food & Drink

trending now in Lifestyle

Florida man jumps in ocean to avoid giving cops, girlfriend his phone's passcode: 'You're telling me I'm resisting'

Florida man jumps in ocean to avoid giving cops, girlfriend his...

Dear Abby: A married man wants me to be his side piece

Dear Abby: A married man wants me to be his side piece

Pregnant wife catches husband cozying up with another woman on beach: '15 years we were together!'

Pregnant wife catches husband cozying up with another woman on...

Horrified passenger spots his suitcases left on tarmac before takeoff: 'I can't handle this'

Horrified passenger spots his suitcases left on tarmac before...

OnlyFans creator who's slept with over 1,000 people reveals if men or women are better at sex

OnlyFans creator who's slept with over 1,000 people reveals if...

New York is not the most rat-infested place on earth after all — according to Yelp, anyway

New York is not the most rat-infested place on earth after all...

Couple barred from flight over 'embarrassing' passport issue

Couple barred from flight over 'embarrassing' passport issue

Dear Abby: I want to kick out my dad and his soon-to-be wife

Dear Abby: I want to kick out my dad and his soon-to-be wife

Breaking news, tips for making a peaceful sleep zone in a studio apartment.

  • View Author Archive
  • Get author RSS feed

Thanks for contacting us. We've received your submission.

There’s a lot to be said for the work/play energy of a nice studio or other small apartment during the day. But how do you bring that energy down to get a good night’s sleep?

With electronics, cookery, clothes and books all in one space, it can be a challenge to create a restful refuge.

Design and sleep experts have some tips:

a sleeping area in a studio apartment

Prioritize a sleep space, starting with the bed

Everyone needs good sleep to stay healthy.

“The primary rule, maybe the only rule of small space design, is people have to be honest about how they really live,” says Olivia Hosken, House Beautiful’s deputy managing editor. “When there’s limited square footage, there’s less allowance for things that don’t function optimally.”

So, spend your money on a proper bed or a quality sleep sofa. Skip big tables or chairs you won’t use, she added.

Start and end your day informed with our newsletters

Morning Report and Evening Update: Your source for today's top stories

Thanks for signing up!

Please provide a valid email address.

By clicking above you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy .

Never miss a story.

Andrea Morris of Lancaster Place Interiors in Wilmington, North Carolina, is a fan of wall beds, which rest flush with the wall when closed, then flip down for sleeping. They’re better known as Murphy beds, named after William Murphy, who came up with his version in 1900 while living in his own San Francisco studio apartment.

Some Murphy beds combine a sofa with a wall bed.

a bed built into a cabinet

Create a buffer zone

To separate your sleep area from the rest of the apartment, you could get a freestanding screen, room divider or “floating” (hanging) wall.

And as much as you can, keep that area strictly for sleeping.

“Avoid doing work or anything stressful from your bed,” says Jeff Kahn, co-founder of the Chicago-based sleep-research company Rise Science, which developed a sleep-tracking app, Rise.

blonde woman lying on stomach on the bed and using a laptop

“This helps to maintain what sleep medicine practitioners call ‘stimulus control,’ which helps your brain associate the bed with sleep, rather than wakefulness and stress,” he says.

If the bed is the only place of refuge, still do what you can to keep wakefulness and sleep in separate zones. Lisa Strauss, a psychologist specializing in cognitive behavioral treatment of sleep disorders, has suggested designating different sides or ends of the bed for reading and sleeping.

Freshen the air. Lower the lights. Cut the noise.

“Make sure your space is well ventilated, and consider an air purifier,” says Kahn. This is especially important if you’re cooking in the same space you’re sleeping in.

Consider a diffuser for similar reasons, says Spruce editor Mia Ingui. She suggests using calming scents like lavender or chamomile just at bedtime, to “set the tone for restful sleep.”

Also, be sure that computer, TV and other screens, which are just a short distance away, are turned off. Their light at night can disrupt our internal clocks, or circadian rhythm.

If the buzz of nearby appliances or street sounds are keeping you up, consider a noise machine. Ingui likes the Hatch Restore, a “sunrise lamp” that provides soothing sounds and lights up gradually in the morning. She also suggests blackout curtains.

Keep things tidy

“One of my don’ts when it comes to studio living is leaving beds unmade,” says Morris. “It’s amazing how much better you feel after a hard day entering a space with a made bed. And in a studio, it’s often the sofa, too. So make it inviting for yourself and others.”

Stow away electronics overnight and out of sight; side tables with plugs and ports are handy and an efficient way to reduce clutter.

Choose flexible, storable bedding

Ingui recommends choosing breathable materials for bedding if it’s difficult to regulate your studio’s heating and cooling.

“It’s also great to invest in a duvet cover/insert rather than a bulky comforter — this way, you can easily keep multiple foldable, storable covers on hand and swap them out, rather than hoarding a bunch of large comforters you don’t have space for,” she says.

With some thoughtful choices, your small space can have the vibes we all want from home life: cohesive, calming and sleep-friendly.

a sleeping area in a studio apartment

Advertisement

Supported by

What Is Project 2025, and Why Is Trump Disavowing It?

The Biden campaign has attacked Donald J. Trump’s ties to the conservative policy plan that would amass power in the executive branch, though it is not his official platform.

  • Share full article

Kevin Roberts, wearing a dark suit and blue tie and speaking into a microphone at a lectern. The lectern says, “National Religious Broadcasters, nrb.org.”

By Simon J. Levien

Donald J. Trump has gone to great lengths to distance himself from Project 2025, a set of conservative policy proposals for a future Republican administration that has outraged Democrats. He has claimed he knows nothing about it or the people involved in creating it.

Mr. Trump himself was not behind the project. But some of his allies were.

The document, its origins and the interplay between it and the Trump campaign have made for one of the most hotly debated questions of the 2024 race.

Here is what to know about Project 2025, and who is behind it.

What is Project 2025?

Project 2025 was spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation and like-minded conservative groups before Mr. Trump officially entered the 2024 race. The Heritage Foundation is a think tank that has shaped the personnel and policies of Republican administrations since the Reagan presidency.

The project was intended as a buffet of options for the Trump administration or any other Republican presidency. It’s the latest installment in the Heritage Foundation’s Mandate for Leadership series, which has compiled conservative policy proposals every few years since 1981. But no previous study has been as sweeping in its recommendations — or as widely discussed.

Kevin Roberts, the head of the Heritage Foundation, which began putting together the latest document in 2022, said he thought the American government would embrace a more conservative era, one that he hoped Republicans would usher in.

“We are in the process of the second American Revolution,” Mr. Roberts said on Real America’s Voice, a right-wing cable channel, in early July, adding pointedly that the revolt “will remain bloodless if the left allows it to be.”

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .

15 Best HD-2D RPGs

4

Your changes have been saved

Email Is sent

Please verify your email address.

You’ve reached your account maximum for followed topics.

In an era of big video game remakes, the nostalgic combination of 2D-pixel art and 3D polish that is the HD-2D RPG was pretty much inevitable to take hold over the mainstream. The term HD-2D is used to describe an aesthetic that consists of classic 2D Sprites set to a 3D rendered background environment.

Even though Square Enix invented (and trademarked) the term "HD-2D" with its slew of recent JRPGs under the subtitle, the concept of having pixel art characters over a 3D background is not new. Several great games have been released with what could be considered an HD-2D aesthetic both before and since Octopath Traveler first coined the term in 2018, and there are even more slated for release on the horizon that plan to take advantage of this timeless design style.

Updated on July 15, 2024, by Antonio Samson: HD-2D games have been a popular genre in recent years. Games such as Dragon Quest 1, 2, and 3 are even getting full remakes in this style to bring a breath of fresh air to these classic games. This article has been updated to include more games and to meet CBR's editorial and formatting standards.

15 Bravely Default II Delivers A Classic JRPG Experience

The legacy continues with rich 2d and 3d integration.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

February 26, 2021

80

Featured image for an article titled

Best JRPGs For Nintendo Switch Fans

The Nintendo Switch is home to dozens of amazing JRPGs perfect for longtime fans of the genre or new players embarking on their first-ever journey.

Bravely Default II continues the legacy of its predecessors with a rich, traditional JRPG experience that combines the nostalgia of 2D sprite art with the immersive qualities of modern 3D environments. Set in the new world of Excillant, the game follows four heroes as they seek to restore balance by recovering four elemental crystals. The HD-2D aesthetic captures the essence of classic and challenging RPGs , presenting beautifully crafted characters and landscapes.

The game's unique Brave and Default system adds strategic depth to combat, allowing players to take calculated risks by borrowing turns for powerful attacks or conserving them for defensive maneuvers . With a compelling narrative, intricate job system, and challenging gameplay, Bravely Default II offers a satisfying experience for both series veterans and newcomers.

BRAVELY DEFAULT 2

Bravely Default 2

14 sea of stars offers a nostalgic journey with modern flair, a blend of retro aesthetics and contemporary game design.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

August 29, 2023

89

Sea of Stars is a love letter to classic RPGs, blending retro aesthetics with contemporary game design to create a unique and captivating experience. Developed by the creators of The Messenger , this game features a beautifully rendered world with hand-drawn 2D sprites set against meticulously crafted 3D backgrounds. The story follows two protagonists, Valere and Zale, who harness the powers of the sun and moon to combat an ancient evil.

The turn-based combat system is both familiar and innovative, incorporating timing-based mechanics that add an extra layer of strategy to battles. Additionally, the game offers a rich narrative filled with memorable characters and a world teeming with secrets to discover. Sea of Stars pays homage to the golden age of RPGs and stands out with its polished mechanics and stunning visuals, making it a standout title in the modern gaming landscape.

sea of stars game 2023

Sea of Stars

Sea of Stars tells the story of two Children of the Solstice who will combine the powers of the sun and moon to perform Eclipse Magic, the only force capable of fending off the monstrous creations of the evil alchemist known as The Fleshmancer.

13 Chrono Cross: The Radical Dreamers Edition Revitalizes A Beloved Classic

Enhanced visuals and deep narrative in hd-2d.

Chrono Cross Radical Dreamers Edition key art featuring the main cast sailing on a boat.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

April 7, 2022

76

Chrono Cross: The Radical Dreamers Edition brings the beloved 1999 JRPG to a new generation of players with a comprehensive HD-2D remaster. This edition enhances the original game's vibrant world and complex characters by updating the visuals to include more detailed 2D sprites and refined 3D environments. The game retains its deep narrative and unique combat system, which utilizes a combination of elements and stamina-based actions, creating a challenging and engaging experience .

Additionally, this edition includes the Radical Dreamers text adventure, a previously Japan-exclusive story that expands on the lore and offers a new perspective on the game's universe. With its blend of nostalgia and modern enhancements, Chrono Cross: The Radical Dreamers Edition provides longtime fans and new players with an accessible and immersive experience.

ChronoCrossTagPage

Chrono Cross

A 1999 JRPG developed and published by Square for the PlayStation. A remaster released in 2022 for PC, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch.

12 Fantasian Brings HD-2D Aesthetics To Apple Arcade

Hand-crafted dioramas and engaging gameplay.

Fantasian gameplay featuring the party battling a massive enemy.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

April 2, 2021

80

Fantasian is a unique entry in the HD-2D genre, bringing a distinct visual style and engaging gameplay to Apple Arcade. Created by Hironobu Sakaguchi, the mastermind behind the Final Fantasy series, Fantasian features hand-crafted dioramas for its 3D environments and beautifully rendered 2D character sprites . The game follows the story of Leo, a young amnesiac who embarks on a journey to recover his memories and unravel the mysteries of his world.

The combat system is turn-based with a twist, incorporating strategic elements such as the Dimengeon system, which allows players to store enemies in a separate dimension and battle them later, adding a layer of tactical depth. With its charming visuals, compelling narrative, and innovative gameplay mechanics, Fantasian stands out as a must-play title for fans of HD-2D and classic JRPGs.

Fantasian

11 Actraiser Renaissance Merges City-Building And Action RPG Elements

A unique hybrid of simulation and action rpg.

Key art for Actraiser Renaissance featuring the protagonist wielding his sword.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

September 23, 2021

70

Actraiser Renaissance revives the classic SNES RPG title with a fresh HD-2D makeover, offering a unique blend of city-building simulation and action RPG gameplay. The game retains the original essence, where players assume the role of a divine entity tasked with rebuilding civilization and protecting it from demonic forces. The HD-2D aesthetic enhances the game's visual appeal, with beautifully detailed 2D sprites and rich 3D backgrounds bringing the world to life.

In addition to the classic side-scrolling action sequences, where players battle through enemy-infested landscapes, the game introduces expanded city-building mechanics, allowing for deeper strategic planning and development . New content, including additional stages, bosses, and story elements, enriches the experience, making Acteaiser Renaissance a compelling choice for both fans of the original and newcomers looking for a unique hybrid gameplay experience.

10 Octopath Traveler: Champions Of The Continent Brings The Popular Series To Mobile

Engaging gameplay and beautiful visuals on mobile.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Oct 28, 2020

71

The featured image for

10 Reasons Every Nintendo Fan Should Play the Retro Fire Emblem Games

Fire Emblem is a classic Nintendo series that not all fans are familiar with, and there are plenty of reasons why fans should try out the franchise.

Octopath Traveler on mobile in any form is a best-case scenario for JRPG fans. Champions of the Continent is a prequel to the first game, with engaging gameplay, a compelling storyline, and beautiful visuals that are reminiscent of everything fans of the franchise have come to expect .

Unlike many free-to-play mobile RPGs, Champions of the Continent is not pay-to-win, even though it does have gacha mechanics and microtransactions . However, those are things that players can engage with more or less at their leisure, as OTCOTC allows players to play through the campaign without paying, and it's in many ways just as addictive as traditional console games.

Octopath Traveler Champions of the Continent

Octopath Traveler: Champions of the Continent

Octopath Traveler: Champions of the Continent is a free-to-play version of the franchise where more characters are allowed to battle at a time.

9 Disgaea Was Doing HD-2D Before It Was Popular

30 years of tactical rpg charm.

Rozalin from Disgaea 2: Cursed Memories.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Aug 27, 2003

84

The Disgaea series has been using the HD-2D design philosophy for 30 years across its seven mainline titles. Throughout that time, its character models have moved further and further toward 3D. However, they still retain the 2D, anime-inspired character designs that originally gave the series so much charm.

Disgaea is a tactical RPG series along the lines of Final Fantasy Tactics or Fire Emblem. The latest game, Disgaea 7, has largely been embraced as a return to form for the series after both 5 and 6 were received less favorably by fans and critics. A big part of that was due to the new 3D graphical style used in the past two entries that took the series away from its 2.5D visual roots. Thankfully, Disgaea 7 seems to have at least found its footing in that regard.

disgaea 7

Disgaea 7: Vows of the Virtueless

8 ys origin is the perfect hd-2d entry point for non-rpg fans, a blend of rpg and action with metroidvania elements.

Hugo Fact fights an enemy in Ys Origin.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Dec 21, 2006

82

Ys Origin 's 2D sprites are a bit more detailed than what Square Enix's more traditional HD-2D games tend to have, but it nevertheless captures the atmosphere and feel of what makes the style so special. In terms of gameplay, Ys Origin treads the line between RPG and action with an almost Metroidvania-style gameplay loop.

For many fans of the Ys franchise, Origin is one of the definitive entries in the series , which makes it the perfect entry point for new players too . For those who appreciate the vibe of HD-2D art but who aren't into the turn-based combat of more traditional JRPGs, Ys Origin will undoubtedly scratch that itch.

ys origin

Ys Origin is a prequel to the Ys video game series following Yunica, Hugo and Toal as they search for their missing deities.

7 Triangle Strategy Is Helping Revitalize The Tactical RPG Genre

Challenging combat and dialogue-driven narrative.

A screenshot shows one of many battles from Triangle Strategy.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

March 4, 2022

83

Gaming in 2022 was an amazing year for tactical RPGs, and one of the biggest standouts was certainly Triangle Strategy . Triangle Strategy has been praised by both fans and critics for its challenging combat, dialogue-driven narrative, and replayability.

One of the main reasons Triangle Strategy is so replayable is because of how important player choice is. Nearly every dialogue option the player chooses has a lasting impact on the characters and story , making each decision hold that much more weight. Triangle Strategy takes its role-playing seriously, and RPG fans should take it just as seriously when deciding what to play next.

TriangleStrategyTagPage

Triangle Strategy

In a country that relies highly on trade integrity, Serenoa Wolffort, heir to the throne of House Wolffort, must make difficult decisions after a kingdom makes a surprise attack against his homeland of Glenbroke.

6 Star Ocean: The Second Story R Updated A Classic For Modern Audiences

Real-time action combat and deep customizability.

The cast of Star Ocean: The Second Story R running away from the camera.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Nov 2, 2023

86

Star Ocean: The Second Story R is a classic JRPG that recently got a modern remake in the HD-2D style. While it retains everything that made the original beloved by players, its visual update makes it an even more appealing entry point for newcomers who never got a chance to experience the original.

SO2R has memorable characters and an epic story, but where it shines is in its gameplay. SO2R 's real-time action-oriented combat system is upbeat enough to draw in players who may not usually be interested in the genre , while its customization and crafting systems are deep enough to keep JRPG veterans engaged for hours on end.

Star Ocean The Second Story R

Star Ocean: The Second Story R

A Federation officer finds himself transported to a mystical planet and drawn into a quest to save a young girl's people.

5 Ragnarok Online Introduced HD-2D Through A Large Open World MMO

Beautiful pixel art and catchy soundtrack in an mmo.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Aug 31, 2002

79

The Octopath II cast of characters milling around a fire in the forest.

Are HD-2D Graphics Improving Pixel Art or Holding It Back?

Octopath Traveler has inspired the artistic direction of upcoming remakes, but is HD-2D actually popularizing pixel art – or homogenizing it?

As a precursor to HD-2D, the original Ragnarok Online is a beautiful representation of what's so beloved about the style. It's one of the few MMORPGs with a 2.5D approach to its graphical design , and it features some of the most beautiful pixel art. It also has one of the catchiest soundtracks in the genre.

For players who don't have access to a PC but who still want to get a feel for the Ragnarok franchise, there are two mobile Ragnarok MMOs available in the App Store— Ragnarok Origins and Ragnarok M: Eternal Love . Admittedly, neither features that same mix of pixel art and 3D-rendered backgrounds that made the original so favored. Still, they do feature the same anime-based character designs, music, and general gameplay loop, though they're largely optimized to fit in with the rest of the modern mobile MMO landscape.

4 Octopath Traveler Is Where The HD-2D Craze Started

Complex battle system and sprawling storylines.

Battle between the player's party and a few enemies in Octopath Traveler.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

July 13, 2018

83

Octopath Traveler seemed to single-handedly revive interest in classic 2D JRPGs upon its release, and a big part of that was its HD-2D aesthetic. However, that isn’t all Octopath had going for it.

Outside of its appealing visual style, Octopath Traveler has a great game beneath the hood as well, with a complex battle system and a storyline that sprawls over eight different characters . Seeing how these separate storylines intertwine is a truly rewarding experience. Not only did it bring back the feeling of classic-era JRPGs , but it also helped innovate the genre by showing that the old-school style still holds up alongside the modern RPGs of today.

OCTOPATH TRAVELER

Octopath Traveler

Embark on a vast new role-playing adventure as one of eight travelers, all with their own origins, paths, and goals.

3 Tactics Ogre: Reborn Breathes New Life Into An Underrated Classic

Hd visuals and quality-of-life upgrades in a tactical rpg.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Nov 11, 2022

84

Tactics Ogre: Reborn is an HD-2D remaster of the classic tactical RPG Tactics Ogre originally released for the Super Nintendo. Although the original was greatly underrated, this highly influential title has finally been getting some of the respect it deserves thanks to its most recent modern retelling.

Tactics Ogre: Reborn not only improves on the original with HD visuals, quality-of-life upgrades, and voice acting, but it also retains the spirit of its ancestor in many of the ways that matter most . Tactics Ogre is truly the isometric tactical RPG that started it all, making the remake a must-play for fans of strategy combat, or just classic RPGs in general.

best video game deals switch

Tactics Ogre: Reborn

2 live a live is a proof of concept for hd-2d remakes, unique narratives and tactical combat.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

July 22, 2022

81

Live A Live is often cited as the clear inspiration behind Octopath Traveler ’s storytelling style, and it’s easy to see why. In Live A Live , players choose between one of seven characters, each with unique backstories and skill sets, then play through a bite-sized version of that person's life story in a way that resembles a short story more than a lengthy novel.

As each character's life unfolds, the player learns how their stories connect, making players want to play through each short story to learn the truth of their world. Live A Live isn't just a compelling set of narratives — its combat is a unique mixture of tactical and classic turn-based RPGs that results in a fresh experience between each character . Live A Live is the perfect example of how HD-2D visuals can update a classic game to give modern players a chance to experience what made it so great.

live a live

Live A Live (2022)

In the Live A Live remake, players take control of eight characters in a turn-based RPG adventure.

1 Octopath Traveler 2 Continues To Push Retro JRPGs Into The Mainstream

Improved visuals and gameplay in a modern jrpg.

Title

Release Date

Metacritic Score

Feb 24, 2023

85

Hikari Ku from Octopath Traveler II in front of the game's logo

Octopath Traveler II Review: An RPG That Takes Two Steps Forward, One Step Back

Octopath Traveler II improves upon the first game and modernizes its nostalgic gameplay, but is still held back by outdated RPG conventions.

Octopath Traveler 2 picked up exactly where the first game left off in every way. It retains everything that made the first Octopath so beloved, like the visual style, combat system, and big cast of characters, while still making casual improvements that make this game even better than the first.

Octopath Traveler 2 wears its JRPG roots on its sleeve— it's a genuinely great modern entry for the genre instead of just being a means of cashing in on the fanbase for old-school RPGs . JRPG lovers may just discover that OT2 can even stand alongside many of their favorite classics. While HD-2D is the perfect design philosophy for retro RPG remakes, Octopath Traveler continues to show that the diorama-style mixture of pixel art with 3D environments is an appealing aesthetic on its own merits, beyond just being a vehicle for nostalgia.

OctopathTraveler2TagCover

Octopath Traveler 2

Octopath Traveler

Narrative research aims to unravel consequential stories of people 's lives as. told by them in their own words and worlds. In the context of the health, social. sciences, and education ...

The narrative research design adopted for health science studies provides opportunities to probe deeply into complexities surrounding health-related research. Narrative research is not simple storytelling; it is a method of inquiry that uses storytelling to uncover nuances around people's lived experiences. The process of storytelling, a key ...

Several research topics and questions indicate when using a narrative approach is appropriate. The key criterion of narrative research is storytelling (Fraser, 2004). A narrative study can be conducted with a single participant, such as with a biographical study or an autoethnography, or with several people who share common experiences, using ...

Narrative research methodology is evolving, and we contend that the notion of emergent design is vital if narrative inquiry (NI) is to continue flourishing in generating new knowledge. We situate the discussion within the narrative turn in qualitative research while drawing on experiences of conducting a longitudinal narrative study. The ...

The antecedents of contemporary narrative social research are commonly located in two parallel academic moves (Andrews et al., 2004; Rustin, 2000).1 The first is the post-war rise of humanist approaches within western sociology and psychology. These approaches posed holistic, person-centred approaches, often including attention to individual ...

Narrative research is a term that subsumes a group of approaches that in turn rely on the written or spoken words or visual representation of individuals. These approaches typically focus on the lives of individuals as told through their own stories. Clandinin and Connelly define it as "a way of understanding and inquiring into experience through "collaboration between researcher and ...

So, what is Narrative Research or Narrative Inquiry? • Analysis of a person's story, of an experience they have had • Goal of researcher is to draw out the story from the participant • Story can be told many ways, including through visual means • Researchers may create vignettes of each story, create one overarching meta-narrative that includes the main aspects of

Emergent design is what makes narrative research unique. ... Communicating critical narrative research requires personal involvement in how the researcher understands the stories of participants related to time and context, in a manner that establishes coherence and is connected to knowledge of existence through the systematic process of data ...

This comprehensive, thought-provoking introduction to narrative inquiry in the social and human sciences guides readers through the entire narrative inquiry process-from locating narrative inquiry in the interdisciplinary context, through the philosophical and theoretical underpinnings, to narrative research design, data collection (excavating stories), data analysis and interpretation, and ...

Narrative inquiry, also called narrative research is the study of people's experiences. Narratives or stories are the object of analysis (Caine et al., 2013 ). The experience can be studied by "listening, observing, living alongside another, writing, and interpreting texts" ( Clandinin, 2006, p. 46). Researchers in the social sciences began ...

Narrative research thus provides a unique opportunity to blend the psychological realities captured by qualitative data with the rigors of quantitative methods. Background Narrative researchers start by establishing the construct of interest, deciding when coding narratives for this construct is the most effective form of measurement, rather ...

2. Definition and justification of narrative research. Narrative is used to describe a variety of ways humans perform the "telling of events [1] .". Carr [2] suggests that narrative is not just a way of describing events, but is a part of the events. The retelling merges events with reality, however "true" or "accurate" they may be.

Narrative analysis is a qualitative research methodology that involves examining and interpreting the stories or narratives people tell in order to gain insights into the meanings, experiences, and perspectives that underlie them. Narrative analysis can be applied to various forms of communication, including written texts, oral interviews, and ...

The underlining assumption of narrative research is that human experience is "a storied phenomenon", and accounts of life stories are instrumental in understanding the phenomenon (Squire et al ...

Definition. Narrative inquiry records the experiences of an individual or small group, revealing the lived experience or particular perspective of that individual, usually primarily through interview which is then recorded and ordered into a chronological narrative. Often recorded as biography, life history or in the case of older/ancient ...

Narrative Inquiry. Narrative inquiry uses stories to understand social patterns. Stories from the participants and stories created by researchers from information they gather from participants are at the heart of narrative inquiry. Life history and biography research is sometimes categorized as narrative inquiry.

The narrative research design has been chosen for this study because bibliotherapy relates to story-telling from texts as a treatment mechanism; and as a qualitative methodology, narrative ...

Narrative inquiry is a form of qualitative research in which the stories themselves become the raw data. 3 This approach has been used in many disciplines to learn more about the culture, historical experiences, identity, and lifestyle…. Provide an example of when narrative inquiry would be the most appropriate qualitative research approach.

There are seven major charateristics are essential in narrative research: 1. Individual Experiences. Understanding an individual's history or past experiences will help explain the impact on their present and future experiences. 2. Chronology of the Experiences. A time sequence or chronology of events helps readers understand and follow the ...

We will discuss the differences between quantitative (numerical and statistics-focused) and qualitative (non-numerical and human-focused) research design methods so that you can determine which approach is most strategic given your specific area of graduate-level study.. Understanding Social Phenomena: Qualitative Research Design. Qualitative research focuses on understanding a phenomenon ...

The contributions of this collection address the entanglement of ethics and politics in the practice of narrative research, a growing umbrella of research methods in psychology and the social sciences. The articles presented here together illustrate how narrative research can be a relevant tool for researchers who engage with the problems that ...

Right-wing media and social media users spread conspiracy theories about the Trump rally shooting

My point of departure is that the narrative approach is a frame of reference, a way of reflecting during the entire inquiry process, a research method, and a mode for representing the research study. Hence, the narrative approach is both the phenomenon and the method (Connelly & Clandinin, 1990), a postulate that some might find rather ...

"Avoid doing work or anything stressful from your bed," says Jeff Kahn, co-founder of the Chicago-based sleep-research company Rise Science, which developed a sleep-tracking app, Rise.

Narrative research has many forms, uses a variety of analytic practices, and is rooted in different social and humanities disciplines (Daiute & ... design in which "narrative is understood as a spoken or written text giving an account of an event/action or series of events/actions, chronologically

The Texas Real Estate Research Center at Texas A&M University (TRERC) is the nation's largest publicly funded organization devoted to real estate research. TRERC was created by the state legislature in 1971 to meet the needs of many audiences, including the real estate industry, instructors, researchers, legislators, and the public.

In this systematic narrative review, we synthesised the small existing body of research on children who are gifted and dyslexic (G‐D) in order to investigate the claim that G‐D students have a unique profile, characterised by well‐masked word‐level reading and spelling difficulties. Our focus was on both the cognitive and academic profiles of this subgroup of twice‐exceptional (2e ...

The Biden campaign has attacked Donald J. Trump's ties to the conservative policy plan that would amass power in the executive branch, though it is not his official platform. By Simon J. Levien ...

Sea of Stars is a love letter to classic RPGs, blending retro aesthetics with contemporary game design to create a unique and captivating experience. Developed by the creators of The Messenger, this game features a beautifully rendered world with hand-drawn 2D sprites set against meticulously crafted 3D backgrounds.The story follows two protagonists, Valere and Zale, who harness the powers of ...

                        

October 28-29, 2023

Richmond Yacht Club hosted their fall classic regatta, the Great Pumpkin, in fine style on the last weekend of October. Saturday's buoy racing had adequate breeze for three races in three separate racing areas. A Halloween party followed. On Sunday, although the starts went off on time, no one was able to finish in light air and heavy current.

Check out Saturday's results . Please to order a high-resolution image or print from this photo gallery.



















































































































































©2023 norcalsailing.com

by Benchmark

San Francisco Olson 30 Fleet

Fast, wet & fun.

Any questions? EMAIL HERE

at
None.
None.
  • Advertising
  • Find the Magazine
  • Good Jibes Podcast
  • Boat In Dining
  • Sailboat Charters
  • Business News
  • Working Waterfront
  • Youth Sailing

Latitude38

  • General Sailing
  • West Coast Sailing
  • Northern California Racing

How the West Was Won at the 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta

The 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta welcomed us back with wicked wind shifts, one-design racing, and one heck of a Wild Wild West party.

Medusa was on the upwind leg, a Santa Cruz 27 sailing swiftly with her crew on the rail. We were a crew lightweight in stature, all granola-eating types, two women, young — and on the Berkeley Circle, there was just enough wind to provide an exhilarating ride. While sailing together is almost always fun, this was a nice change from the mid-20-knot winds typical of the summer months. After a brutal 2021 Nationals and some equally breezy Bay races, we were simply delighted at not being overpowered for once.

Great Pumpkin Regatta

Saturday was buoy-racing day at the 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta and our hosts, Richmond Yacht Club, offered the SC27s their own start. Despite the unusually sparse showing, the two other boats who turned up were a formidable lot. Rick Raduziner’s Lickety Split handily beat us in doublehanded racing earlier in the year. And David Garman’s Giant Slayer had come fourth in the highly competitive Nationals. But we had improved, and were excited to see where we stood in the one-design fleet.

We knew that if the wind stayed steady, we would be in a favorable position. But squalls were moving through the course and the wind was shifting this way and that, moving the ladder beneath us. We tacked just as we hit the layline and almost immediately encountered a 90-degree wind shift. Suddenly, the upwind leg had become a beam reach. I pulled out the spinnaker pole and laughed to myself as we marched what seemed like a mile toward the offset mark. For the rest of the race, nobody really knew which way was up or down; it was unpredictable, wet, and some of the most entertaining sailing I’ve done in a while!

richmond yacht club great pumpkin regatta

That afternoon, we duked it out in three races. Lickety Split came first, Medusa came second and Giant Slayer was near third. We were all thrilled to have a day of tactical racing, with Lady Luck occasionally shining through the clouds and fog. Afterward, I was grateful for a cold seltzer, a hot shower and a fresh set of clothes. I stepped out feeling brand-new, albeit dressed as a train conductor. As the post-race awards kicked off, I slipped amongst my crew — two dressed as engineers, two dressed as bandit cowboys. A Nashville belle sauntered up with a tray of jelly shots, just as my friend Maya — sporting a midriff top and Daisy Dukes — threw a literal noose around my neck. This was RYC’s famous Saturday night party, and the Wild Wild West theme was absolutely no understatement.

richmond yacht club great pumpkin regatta

It was no surprise that the fleet hit the course, guns blazing. In 2019, the Sunday pursuit race was canceled due to a gale. In 2020, with the pandemic in full effect, a socially distant pursuit race was held, and there was certainly no party. In 2021, we had finally returned to normal, albeit carrying our vaccination cards and two years of pent-up anticipation.

With the pursuit race, participants have the choice to sail around the San Francisco Bay islands — Angel and Alcatraz — either clockwise or counterclockwise. The “correct” strategy is well debated by all, factoring in winds, currents, and more often than is admitted, “the way the good sailors are going.” Some call it a coin toss, but almost everyone has a thesis behind their educated guess. We chose clockwise, anticipating breeze and a slack current when entering Raccoon Strait. Even when the two directional fleets met northwest of Alcatraz, it seemed that we had made a reasonable choice. Better still, we had overtaken a handful of Moore 24s — every passed boat being a positive in a pursuit race. But it was clear as we sailed downwind past Keil Cove that there were dozens of spinnakers — a true kaleidoscope of nylon kites — tearing past Southampton Shoal and toward the finish line just outside the Richmond Channel. My goodness, we had sailed well, but when you’re going the “wrong” direction, the only place to find victory is inside yourself.

William Pryor captured this video of the start of the 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta aboard Medusa .

From second in our division to 75th out of 108 finishers — well, isn’t that how it goes? After “rescuing” a floating pumpkin on the course, we docked at RYC to claim our pumpkin pie prize, and enjoy one last celebratory drink. Once more, the RYC patio filled up with racers, happy to see one another, grateful for their crews, camaraderie and yet another exciting day on the Bay. At that moment, we West Coast racers all felt as if we had won a little something during the Great Pumpkin Regatta weekend — and it was wild.

richmond yacht club great pumpkin regatta

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Notify me via e-mail if anyone answers my comment.

The World Famous L38 November Caption Contest(!) What do you have to say about that?

Sponsored Post Club Nautique Office Staff Job Openings Club Nautique is hiring.

Keeping an Eye on the Fleet The Baja Ha-Ha Tracks Its Way to Turtle Bay There were a few dropouts and a few incidents reported, but the fleet is now safely anchored in Turtle Bay.

SEND TV STARS TO SPACE OR KIDS SAILING? Excess for Jeff Bezos, Not Enough for Students Jeff Bezos just can't get enough. He's sending retired TV stars to space and building the world's largest sailboat. What's next?

Sponsored Post Warm the Winter Blues in the Caribbean Cruise with fellow Bay Area sailors and Q&M Travels for a hands-on adventure, complete with private instruction from professional sailors.

COMMENTS

  1. Great Pumpkin Regatta

    Richmond Yacht Club. Great Pumpkin Regatta. October 30 & 31. PRO: Fred Paxton . Note that separate registrations required for each day

  2. Great Pumpkin Regatta

    October 28 - 29, 2023. PRO: Fred Paxton. *Saturday 10/28. Fleet Race Details & Registration. Sunday 10/29. Pursuit Race Details & Registration. Great Pumpkin Monster Mash Party. *Saturday Regatta Registration includes 1 dinner ticket.

  3. Richmond Yacht Club's 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta

    William Pryor captured the start of Richmond Yacht Club's 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta aboard the Santa Cruz 27, Medusa.

  4. A Q&A with Eric Arens about the Richmond YC's Great Pumpkin Regatta

    When it comes to intriguing regatta names, the Richmond Yacht Club's Great Pumpkin Regatta finds itself in rarefied company. Granted, the GPR takes place on San Francisco Bay near Halloween, but the moniker is an attention-grabbing one, as is the fact that the GPR regularly draws 150-plus boat fleets. I caught up with Eric Arens, the GPR's race chair, to learn more about this uniquely ...

  5. great pumpkin regatta richmond yacht club

    October 29-30, 2022. Richmond Yacht Club finished up the month of October with their Halloween regatta, the Great Pumpkin.With great gobs of boats and people, the weekend felt like a return to old times. RYC got 171 entries for Sunday's pursuit race and pumpkin hunt. Racing.

  6. norcalsailing.com 2023 Great Pumpkin photo gallery

    great pumpkin regatta. October 28-29, 2023. Richmond Yacht Club hosted their fall classic regatta, the Great Pumpkin, in fine style on the last weekend of October. Saturday's buoy racing had adequate breeze for three races in three separate racing areas. A Halloween party followed. On Sunday, although the starts went off on time, no one was ...

  7. Great Pumpkin Spotted in Richmond

    Each October, as Halloween approaches, the Great Pumpkin visits San Francisco Bay. This is not Linus van Pelt's Great Pumpkin, rather it is Richmond Yacht Club's Great Pumpkin Regatta. The festivities began with a pumpkin carving party and pasta feed for kids on Friday evening and continued with three buoy races on three courses…

  8. Great Costumes at Richmond Yacht Club's Great Pumpkin Regatta

    Great Pumpkin Regatta. The Moore 24 fleet raced on the Olympic Circle course in the Great Pumpkin Regatta on Saturday. Richmond Yacht Club hosted yet another great Great Pumpkin Regatta last weekend. Sailors raced around the buoys in three areas (Southampton, Olympic Circle and Deep Water) on Saturday, followed by a pursuit race on Sunday.

  9. Great Pumpkin Regatta

    Prev Event Great Pumpkin Regatta Next Event. 351 Brickyard Cove Rd. Richmond, CA 94801. Phone: (510) 237-2821. Contact Us. 37° 54' 29" N, 122° 23' 00" W.

  10. Richmond Yacht Club Great Pumpkin Regatta 2020

    They got the Pumpkin!!Great Pumpkin RegattaRichmond Yacht Club check out my blog herehttps://louisapickering.blogspot.com/2015/10/spinnaker-peel-inside-hoist...

  11. The most recent photo gallery we've...

    The most recent photo gallery we've posted is from Richmond Yacht Club's Great Pumpkin Regatta on Halloween Weekend. Check out the photos at...

  12. Great Pumpkin

    Prev Event Great Pumpkin Next Event. Great Pumpkin. October 26, 2024. Regatta Chair: Fred Paxton. PRO: tbd. Registration not yet open. Please contact the Regatta Chair for more information. Regatta Website. Race Committee Needs Your Help!

  13. The Great Pumpkin Visits Richmond Yacht Club

    In and around epic shoreside goings-on, Richmond Yacht Club ran a passel of races over the weekend in the Great Pumpkin Regatta. This story isn't about the racing — we'll cover that in the December issue of Latitude 38. In honor of Halloween, this story is about cutting loose in costume. Putting on the finishing touches in the ladies' room.

  14. RYC Great...

    RYC Great Pumpkin Regatta. Thank you to the 115 boats who came out. We had a 90 minutes postponement - wind picked up shortly after racing started. Postponements gave sailors time to raft up and visit (socially distant of course) - some hadn't seen each other since lock-down started in March. Thank you to PRO FRED PAXTON and your great Race ...

  15. San Francisco Olson 30 Fleet

    RICHMOND YACHT CLUB GREAT PUMPKIN REGATTA OCTOBER 25 & 26 Buoy racing on Saturday, 3 races, will count for count for fleet standing. Sunday the 26, is an around the bay race that normally has over 100 entrants. ... Richmond Yacht Club puts on two great regattas each year, The Great Pumpkin and The Big Daddy Regatta's, and they add a bigger fun ...

  16. Great Pumpkin Regatta @ Richmond Yacht Club (2009)

    Great Pumpkin Regatta at Richmond Yacht Club: October 24: Looking for a Ride or Crew: None. Boats Racing: None. Sign Up: Sail Number: Boat Name: Name: Note: Note: To remove an entry fill in just your sail number or your name. All fields are optional. GPS Tracks [ Upload a GPS Track ] Regatta Message Board

  17. Racing

    Richmond Yacht Club. Racing. RYC hosts a variety of racing events that attract sailors from the local area and beyond. These range from local, regional, national and often world championship regattas for both keelboats and dinghies to weekly "beer can" races in the summer and monthly small boat midwinters. ... Great Pumpkin Regatta: October ...

  18. Yacht club "Royal Yacht Club": address, description, photos

    Royal Yacht Club is the center of yachting life in Moscow, imbued with European spirit and combines a modern yacht port, a unique coastal restaurant, spacious spectator stands, a cozy business center and the DoubleTree by Hilton Moscow - Marina. Luxury recreation on the water within the city limits, berth for vessels from 6 to 40 meters, one of the best restaurants of Arkady Novikov ...

  19. How the West Was Won at the 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta

    The 2021 Great Pumpkin Regatta welcomed us back with wicked wind shifts, one-design racing, and one heck of a Wild Wild West party. Medusa was on the upwind leg, a Santa Cruz 27 sailing swiftly with her crew on the rail. We were a crew lightweight in stature, all granola-eating types, two women, young — and on the Berkeley Circle, there was just enough wind to provide an exhilarating ride.

  20. The annual PROyachting Cup business regatta was held in Moscow

    The annual PROyachting Cup 2016 business regatta was held at the Royal Yacht Club's Vodny Stadium in Moscow. According to tradition, the regatta opened with a journalists' race. Ten teams took to the start accompanied by experienced PROyachting skippers. Despite the fact that for most of the media it was their first experience in yachting, they coped well with the new situation for them. The ...

  21. Moscow opened its sailing season

    On May 20, on the territory of Royal Yacht Club a festival was held dedicated to the opening of the sailing season in Moscow. The event was organised by the All-Russian Sailing Federation and the PROyachting project. Regatta was organized for those who wished to try themselves in sailing. Ten yachts entered the water. The winner, as strange as it may seem, was the youngest crew. VPSU and ...

  22. Home

    Welcome to Richmond Yacht Club Committed to Serious Sailing and Fun Since 1932. RYC members are active sailors, and our beautiful Point Richmond location provides an excellent sailing venue. We host both world-class championships and many other small and big boat regattas for competitors of all ages.

  23. Moscow evening regatta series Wednesday Night Race celebrated ...

    PROyachting company celebrated the sixth birthday of the Wednesday Night Race project with festive regatta. Despite the gloomy weather in the evening of July 24 in the water area of the Royal yacht club 20 crews took off in two divisions. After the recent renovation there is now the biggest in Russia fleet of J/70 - 14 boats - at the Water Stadium. During the festive races, the boats took to ...