c&c yacht design

Yachting World

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C&C 30 – blistering performance in a manageable package

• Belinda Bird
• July 31, 2015

The C&C 30 strikes a good balance between performance and handling, believes Matthew Sheahan. She’s a fast ride, but without the jitters

All photos: Ocean Images

Today, going like the clappers downwind is easy; anyone can do it. But there are two basic approaches: there is eye-watering, fixed-grin, backside-twitchingly quick, with the boat balanced on a knife edge, and there’s clocking the same numbers without the jitters.

In the latter case the boat knows where to go and encourages you to follow by gradually loading the helm as if starting a friendly arm wrestle. Push her too far and you’ll still end up on your ear, but at least you will have had plenty of warning.

Developing a balance between performance and handling has been a tough nut to crack. How do you produce slender, high-lift foils with minimal drag without creating a lifting surface that operates like the flick of a switch? Such binary hydrodynamic behaviour has taxed modern yacht designers for years, but the lessons learned aboard the big boys’ VO70s, mini maxis and TP52s, among others, have been filtering down into the smaller size ranges.

Then there’s the issue of deck layouts and control line systems. Again, the big guns have led the way with innovative details and devices to help crews change gear from the weather rail as they hike over the guardwires.

But not everything that has filtered down has been appropriate. Just as the complexity and power of a modern F1 racing car makes it impossible to pull away without stalling for anyone other than a seasoned racing driver, so not all the high technology aboard professionally run grand-prix machines works for the rest of us.

Striking the balance is the key. And that’s where the Mark Mills-designed C&C30 stands out in the new breed of 30ft raceboats.

This is a design that takes the best bits of modern high performance and wraps them up with a deck layout that will look and feel familiar to a wide range of crews, yet launch them onto a new level of performance.

Technology where it’s needed

Throughout the boat it is clear that the strategy has been to employ technology where it makes a difference while keeping things simple elsewhere. The best example is the Hall Spars carbon mast supported by 1×19 Dyform wire rigging with ordinary T-terminals on the top and open-bodied bottlescrews at the bottom.

But there are plenty of other examples, from the simple hanks on the headsails to transverse genoa tracks and control lines fitted and run above decks with rope tidy bags. Even when lines do need to go under the deck to prevent crew from standing on them at crucial times, they do so through recessed channels in the deck, which are covered by easily removable lids.

Down below there’s a similarly practical approach. Sparse though her interior is, with little headroom thanks to the flush deck, she still has basic seating and cushions with the provision for hingeing pipecots, a heads and even a small galley should you wish to take her offshore. She has no mast jack, but she has a simple rigging screw-driven adjustable mast foot to allow you to alter the mast rake.

She’s easier to keep in the groove than others of her ilk

The C&C30 also has very few openings in the deck, a rarity aboard modern raceboats, which can look like pepper pots from the inside. Despite taking several waves over the foredeck on our downhill slide and a few thumps through the chop upwind, she had less than half a bucket of water in the bilges at the end of our test sail, most of which was shipped when a wave came over the bow just before the kite drop and the foredeck hatch was open.

Look a little closer and there are some very neat ideas, among them the non-retractable, but detachable bowsprit. This can be removed when the boat is at rest by untying the bobstay that runs from the bow to the tip of the sprit and back through its centre to emerge below, where it is attached to the main bulkhead. This allows the sprit to be pulled out of its socket and stowed.

Another clever detail is the constrictor lock for the main halyard, which is operated below decks, along with the halyard itself – simple and effective.

On deck the low-friction bullseye fairleads have been set up to allow cross sheeting of the genoa sheets, and the position of the primary winches make this system easy to use from the weather rail.

Overall the deck layout has been well thought out, with everything within easy reach. One particular detail is the ability for the mainsheet trimmer to move behind the helmsman on the downwind leg without having to thread the mainsheet under the tiller – handy when the breeze is up.

Easy to get on with

The C&C30 is a boat that is very easy to get on with so long as you let her talk you through where she wants to go. Unlike the superlight, almost neutral feel of many modern machines, the helm loads up significantly, but smoothly if you stray too far outside the sail trim envelope. As always, whether sailing upwind or down, fighting the helm is a cue to talk to your trimmers, but here the feedback is that bit clearer, which helps you to stay in the groove.

She doesn’t have such aggressive chines aft as other boats of her ilk and appears to carry less rocker here too. As a result, she tends not to squat down by the stern and lift her bow when you send her downwind. To get her to accelerate and stay on the plane you still need to press her to get around 5° of heel, but the transition is much smoother than others of this type.

Upwind feedback through the helm was clear and unequivocal

This can feel a little odd at first if you are more used to the bow-up trim of other downhill flyers. It also means you have to plan the gusts a little more carefully to avoid putting the handbrake on as you bear away.

But make no mistake, she’s quick. In 16-18 knots of true breeze we were sliding along at 14-16 knots with ease. Such relatively docile handling will inspire confidence, particularly with those making the transition from heavier, conventional boats to something a little more saucy.

And therein lies what I believe is the key to the C&C30; she’s a modest, manageable and practical package that is capable of a blistering performance.

It is inevitable that she will be compared with the Farr 280, especially as both boats were launched at around the same time. Broadly speaking, they look similar and have little to separate them on the technical spec sheets. With a basic price tag of US$137,390 ex works USA, the C&C30 is slightly more expensive, but in the same ball park.

But the best thing about this boat is that she’s another in the growing band of sporty 30-footers. All want to be tomorrow’s successful one-design, and maybe some of them will be, but in the meantime her arrival adds another model into this growing fleet of sportsboats. Everyone can go quickly downhill, it’s just how you choose to do it that is different. And now there’s even more choice.

The C&C30 takes the best of high-performance design, but with a clever, conventional-seeming deck layout

Vinylester/E Glass/foam core construction throughout. The structural grid includes carbon fibre. A 12hp Volvo inboard diesel engine is standard

A well laid-out cockpit makes the C&C30 easy to get to grips with. I felt the foot rest bars were a little too low to give good support, however

Unbolting the keel plate allows the 2.30m deep fin and bulb keel to be raised by 600mm to make it easier to trail the boat. She can also be lifted on a central point

The bowsprit can be removed easily when moored by detaching the bobstay that runs through the centre of the pole and into the boat. This also helps to prevent lines getting caught under the pole

No mast jack, but a simple rigging screw adjustment to move the mast heel forward and aft to rake the rig

Car control lines run under the deck to make crew movement easier and safer, but do so in covered recesses rather than running through the accommodation.

Specifications

LOA 9.15m/30ft 0in

Beam 3.00m/9ft 10in

Draught 2.30m/7ft 6in

Displacement 1,812kg/3,995lb

Upwind 59.51m 2 /640ft 2

Downwind 152m 2 /1643ft 2

IRC Rating 1.140

Price US$137,390 ex works, ex tax

Designed by Mark Mills

Built by C&C Yachts, Bristol,RI, USA

UK/Europe agent Checkmate Sailing www.checkmatesailing.com

This is an extract from a feature in June Yachting World

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The C&C 36 Sailboat Specs & Key Performance Indicators

The C&C 36, an aft-cockpit sloop, was designed and built in Canada by C&C Yachts.

Published Specification for the C&C 36

Underwater Profile:  Fin keel & spade rudder

Hull Material:  GRP (Fibreglass)

Length Overall:  35'7"  ( 10.9m)

Waterline Length:  27'9"  ( 8.5m)

Beam:  11'6"  ( 3.5m)

Draft:  5'11"  ( 1.8m)

Rig Type:  Sloop

Displacement:  12,000lb (5,443kg)

Designer:  Cuthbertson & Cassian Ltd

Builder:  C&C Yachts (Canada)

Year First Built:  1977

Published Design Ratios for the C&C 36

1. Sail Area/Displacement Ratio:  18.4

2. Ballast/Displacement Ratio:  41.7

3. Displacement/Length Ratio:  251

4. Comfort Ratio:  23.8

5. Capsize Screening Formula:   2.0

read more about these Key Performance Indicators...

Summary Analysis of the Design Ratios for the C&C 36

1. A Sail Area/Displacement Ratio of 18.4 suggests that the C&C 36 will, in the right conditions, approach her maximum hull speed readily and satisfy the sailing performance expectations of most cruising sailors.

2. A Ballast/Displacement Ratio of 41.7 means that the C&C 36 will stand up well to her canvas in a blow, helping her to power through the waves.

3. A Displacement/Length Ratio of 251 tells us the C&C 36 is a moderate displacement cruiser, which means she'll carry all your cruising gear without it having a dramatic effect on her performance. Most of today's sailboats intended for offshore cruising fall into this displacement category.

4. Ted Brewer's Comfort Ratio of 23.8 suggests that crew comfort of a C&C 36 in a seaway is similar to what you would associate with the motion of a coastal cruiser with moderate stability, which is not encouraging news for anyone prone to seasickness. 

5. The Capsize Screening Formula of 2.0 tells us that a C&C 36 would not be as good a choice of sailboat for ocean passage-making, owing to the increased risk of capsize in strong winds and heavy seas, when compared to a sailboat with a CSF of less than 2.0.

More about the C&C 36 Sailboat...

The C&C 36 is a 10.9 m (36 ft) monohull sailboat designed by C&C Design and built by C&C Yachts starting in 1977 . It is a sloop-rigged boat with a fin keel and a spade rudder. It has a fiberglass hull and deck, with a balsa core for stiffness and insulation. The boat has a sleek and elegant profile, with a reverse transom and a low cabin top. The boat is well balanced and responsive, with good performance in light to moderate winds. The boat can accommodate up to six people in two cabins and the main salon.

Accommodation The C&C 36 has a spacious and comfortable interior, with plenty of natural light and ventilation. The boat has a traditional layout, with a V-berth cabin forward, followed by a head compartment with a marine toilet and a shower. The main salon has two settees that can convert into berths, a folding dining table, and ample storage space. The galley on the port side, comprising a stove with an oven, plus a sink and a refrigerator. The navigation station is opposite the galley, with a chart table, an electrical panel, and an instrument console. The aft cabin is accessed through the galley or the cockpit, and has a double berth and a hanging locker.

Hull and Deck The C&C 36 has a solid fiberglass hull with a balsa core sandwich construction for the deck. The hull has a moderate freeboard and a fine entry, with a flared bow that helps to reduce spray. The deck has molded nonskid surfaces for safety and traction. The cockpit is large and comfortable, with high coamings and wide seats. The boat is steered by a pedestal-mounted wheel. The boat has two large cockpit lockers for storage, as well as an anchor locker at the bow. The boat has stainless steel stanchions and lifelines, as well as bow and stern pulpits for security. The boat has an aluminum toe rail that runs along the deck edge.

Mast and Rigging The C&C 36 has an aluminum mast that is keel-stepped. The mast has two sets of spreaders and an air draft of about 15 m (49 ft). The mast supports a sloop rig with a mainsail and a furling genoa. The mainsail has slab reefing and is controlled by a traveler mounted on the cabin top. The genoa has roller furling and is sheeted to tracks on the side decks. The boat also has an optional spinnaker for downwind sailing. The boat has stainless steel wire standing rigging and dacron running rigging. The boat has two primary winches on the cockpit coamings for the genoa sheets, two secondary winches on the cabin top for the halyards and reefing lines, and one mainsheet winch on the pedestal.

Keel and Rudder The C&C 36 has a cast iron fin keel that provides stability and performance. The keel has a draft of 1.8 m (5.9 ft) and a ballast of 2,268 kg (5,000 lb). The keel is bolted to the hull with stainless steel bolts. The rudder is internally mounted on the transom and connected to the wheel by cables. The rudder is balanced and provides good steering control.

The above text was drafted by sailboat-cruising.com using GPT-4 (OpenAI’s large-scale language-generation model) as a research assistant to develop source material; we believe it to be accurate to the best of our knowledge.

Other sailboats in the C&C range include:

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C&C 27 Boat Review

With hundreds still sailing, the 27 is an affordable option in cruiser-racer market..

This fast and handsome cruiser/racer from the 1970s is an excellent example of what made C&C Yachts such a successful company. C&C stands for George Cuthbertson & George Cassian, the design team that, in 1969, joined in partnership with Belleville Marine Yard, Hinterhoeller Ltd. and Bruckmann Manufacturing to form C&C Yachts. The company had a tumultuous history, from growing to capture an estimated 20 percent of the U.S. market during the 1970s, to suffering a devastating fire in 1994 while owned by Hong Kong businessmen Anthony Koo and Frank Chow of Wa Kwang Shipping. Along the way, they built a tremendous number of boats, not only in the racer/cruiser genre that was their mtier, but also the Landfall cruiser line, and a few oddballs such as the 1977 Mega 30 with a retractable fin keel; the Mega 30 and a handful of others simply bombed.

Most boats were built at one of several Ontario, Canada, facilities, but short periods of construction also took place in Middletown, R.I., and Kiel, Germany. In 1998, Fairport Marine, which owned Tartan Marine, purchased the C&C name and some molds and moved the remnants to Ohio. Other than the name and the emphasis on performance, however, there is no tangible connection between that more modern C&C and the giant of 25 years ago that so dominated the North American yachting scene.

The C&C 27 followed quickly on the heels of the successful C&C 35. The design dates to 1970, with the first boats coming off the line in 1971. C&C tweaked the design through four versions of the original 27-the Mark I, II, III and IV-but the hulls were very similar. The C&C 27s production ended in 1982 after nearly 1,000 had been built. From 1984 to 1987, C&C offered the Mark V, which was an MORC-influenced 27-footer with an outboard rudder; its design strayed far from the Mark I, II, III, and IV, and it should not be confused with the previous editions.

The 27 is a good example of what made C&C successful-contemporary good looks with sharp, crisp lines that still hold appeal today. The sheerline is handsome. Below the waterline, the swept-back appendages are dated, but thats of little significance to most owners. In the Mark I version, the partially balanced spade rudder is angled aft, with a good portion of it protruding behind the transom. In one of his reviews for Sailing magazine, designer Robert Perry described the C&C 27s rudder as a scimitar shape that was long in the chord and shallow. In 1974, when the Mark IV was born, the rudder was redesigned with a constant chord length and much greater depth and less sweep angle.

The keel, too, was redesigned in 1974, though most were swept aft like an inverted sharks fin. The Mark IIIs keel was given 2 inches more depth and the maximum thickness was moved forward to delay stalling. Hydrodynamic considerations aside, the worst that can be said of the 27s keel is that it takes extra care in blocking when the boat is hauled and set down on jack stands. Without a flat run on the bottom of the keel, the boat wants to rock forward.

Through its evolution, the C&C 27 not only gained draft, but it gained length overall as well: Both marks I and II were 27 feet, 4 inches long (21 feet at waterline), while marks III and IV were 27 feet, 10.5 inches from stem to stern (22 feet, 11 inches at waterline). The bow overhang is attractive, but more than what is found on most boats nowadays. Remember that waterline length directly affects speed.

All editions have a 9-foot, 2-inch beam, but displacement changed over the years-from 5,180 pounds to 5,500 pounds and then 5,800 pounds. And with the Mark III, the design shed about 400 pounds of ballast.

The later models rigs were masthead sloops with a mainsail luff length (P) of 28 feet, 6 inches and a foot length (E) of 10 feet, 6 inches; this gives an aspect ratio of .36. Rig height on the Mark I was 33 feet, and the Mark II had a 35-foot-tall rig.

Depending on which waterline dimension you use, the displacement/length ratio (D/L) ranges from 211 to 237. The sail/area displacement ratio (SA/D) is between 17.3 and 19.4. With moderate displacement and a generous sail plan, the C&C 27 is swift. PHRF ratings for the Mark I average around 200 seconds per mile, dropping to about 195 for the Mark II and 180 for the Mark III.

According to the C&C 27 owners association, C&C Yachts used only the Mark I and Mark II designations-the first for the original hull-form and the latter for a stretched and subtly reshaped development from the original. However, C&C 27 sailors added the other designations to distinguish between the different models, particularly for racing ratings.

About half of the C&C 27 owners use the boat strictly for cruising, while the other half also enjoy some club racing aboard the boat. Racing fleets are larger in Canada than the U.S., but they can be found in significant numbers on the West Coast and in the Great Lakes as well. There is a rather active owners association, and the groups website (see Resources) offers technical information, manuals, links to vendors for C&C 27 parts, as well as a forum for owners Q&A.

For more on the differences between the various models, see the accompanying The Evolution of the C&C 27 Cruiser-racer .

Construction

C&C Yachts was a pioneer in balsa sandwich construction, but the early C&C 27s had solid-glass hulls. Decks were balsa-cored. An old brochure says the marine-ply bulkheads are taped and bonded to hull and deck, though photos show a headliner, which seems to make deck tabbing not possible. The same brochure says fiberglass is hand-laid-up, using alternate layers of mat and cloth; no mention is made of woven roving, which is commonly used to add thickness quickly.

During this period, C&C used a molded fiberglass pan that incorporated the cabin sole and berth foundations, but did not extend higher. The berth/settee backs, and galley and head cabinetry are plywood, and access to parts of the hull is generally good.

Ballast is an external lead casting through-bolted to reinforced hull sections.

In our survey of C&C 27 owners, one owner said that the cabin sole needs supporting timbers underneath. One trick that C&C used in lieu of floors was to lay in thick bands of fiberglass athwartship (about 6 inches wide). These started on one side of the hull, crossed the bilge, and went up the other side.

A C&C trademark was the L-shaped aluminum toerail with slots for attaching snatch blocks. Of equal benefit was the ability to use carriage bolts for the hull-deck joint, which could be installed by one person rather than two. Other builders quickly copied this feature.

For weekending and coastal cruising, there is a lot to like in the light, rigid C&C 27, but many C&Cs have weak spots that would need to be addressed for offshore work: bulkheads not tabbed to the deck (which may result in the deck lifting as the boat and rig work); thin laminates in the outboard edges of the sidedecks where stanchion bases are bolted; absence of backing plates on pulpits; and thin portlight lenses that should be replaced or fitted with storm shutters.

And, as with any older boat, prospective buyers should check for bulkhead rot where the chainplates attach (water runs down the plate and through the deck, which is difficult to seal) and for delamination of the decks, especially around hardware, whose bedding may have disappeared years ago. Rebedding deck fittings is a boring job, but a very important one because the balsa core is at risk. It is made easier-and less boring-if you have a helper (one of you on deck, the other below). You don’t have to do everything the first year; start with the worst fittings and do them in groups, at least a few each year.

Twenty-seven feet is in many respects a magic number for a sailboat. At this length, it is possible to have standing headroom without distorting the boats proportions beyond all good taste, and to have an inboard engine, with its obvious advantages and status. Headroom around the 27 is between 5 feet, 10 inches and 6 feet, 2 inches.

The accommodation plan is plain vanilla, tried and true: 6-foot-plus V-berth forward, head and hanging locker, dinette with opposing settee, and aft galley. Without a quarterberth, the 27s cockpit seat lockers provide valuable and generous stowage for lines, fenders, barbecue and cleaning supplies, and all the other stuff that goes with sailing.

Testers liked that there is a bridgedeck, which we think is a sensible choice as it a) helps keep water out of the cabin in the event the boat is pooped; b) provides additional seating in the cockpit; and c) offers additional space in the galley.

A lot of C&Cs were not particularly well ventilated, and the 27 is no exception. The big windows in the main saloon are fixed. Most air will enter from the forward hatch, which on a small boat in northern latitudes may be adequate, but hardly ideal for southern sailing. A dorade vent over the head was an option.

Performance

The C&C 27 was one of the companys most popular designs, and much of this was due to its smart handling and good turn of speed. Not surprisingly, owners generally rate its upwind and off-the-wind performance as above average.

Several owners we surveyed said that light air is the Mark Is Achilles heel and that a large genoa of more than 150 percent is necessary to stay competitive. In 1974, the rig was lengthened 3 feet and sail area increased from 348 to 372 square feet.

The boat handles easily. Turns 360 degrees within its own length, said one owner of a 1973 model.

Extremely well balanced, wrote another owner.

The only negative comment made by owners concerned increasing weather helm as the wind builds; they advised reefing early. The owner of a 1971 model explained, The Mark III has a high-aspect rudder; the original rudder gives the boat extremely bad weather helm.

Points very high, wrote the owner of hull No. 146. Shes easily controlled off the wind. If sail is reduced intelligently, shes a dream to drive. Rock solid at about 18 degrees.

Early models featured mainsheet sheeting at the end of the boom, but in 1974, the standard setup was changed to mid-boom sheeting with the traveler on the bridgedeck.

The 27s auxiliary power ranged from an Atomic 4 gasoline engine to a two-cylinder Yanmar diesel. Most owners have reported that their boats back up beautifully. Best backing boat Ive seen, said the owner of a 1977 model. Comments on engine accessibility also ran the gamut, ranging from easy to ridiculous-which may say more about the size of the respondents than anything else.

With prices ranging from $10,000 to $20,000 (some with a trailer), the C&C 27 represents a fair value-standing headroom for most, berths for four (owners say the dinette is a bit narrow for a double when converted), and an inboard engine. The Yanmars of the late models are preferred over the old Atomic 4, but many of the boats on the market today have been re-powered.

Potential buyers should pay particular attention to the pulpit and stanchion bases and the surrounding fiberglass for signs of cracks; and check the deck core and the interior support structure that handles mast compression for signs of rot.

Boats built after 1974 (Mark III) seem to sail better thanks to the incorporated refinements-new rudder, deeper keel, taller rig, added shrouds, etc.

Of the many owner comments weve heard about the boat, one in particular rings particularly true: Simple systems, easy to maintain. That means owners wont spend an arm and a leg trying to keep the C&C 27 afloat, and that has a great deal of appeal for us.

• The Evolution of the C&C 27 Cruiser-Racer

• C&C 27 Owners
• C&C Photo Album

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Bayesian Yacht: A Masterpiece of Luxury and Engineering

The Bayesian yacht, a symbol of nautical elegance and engineering brilliance, has long been celebrated in the world of superyachts. Built by the renowned Italian shipbuilder Perini Navi, this 56-meter vessel was first launched in …

Written by: Kevin Lee

Published on: August 20, 2024

The Bayesian yacht, a symbol of nautical elegance and engineering brilliance, has long been celebrated in the world of superyachts. Built by the renowned Italian shipbuilder Perini Navi, this 56-meter vessel was first launched in 2008 under the name Salute. The name itself, translating to “health” in Italian, seemed to promise a voyage of luxury and well-being. However, what truly set this yacht apart was not just its name, but its sheer opulence, advanced design, and the remarkable story it carried.

The Birth of Bayesian: An Engineering Marvel

Originally costing an estimated £14 million, the Bayesian yacht was a testament to the pinnacle of yacht design and craftsmanship. Perini Navi, one of the world’s leading yacht makers, crafted this vessel with a focus on both performance and luxury. Under the expert design of yacht architect Ron Holland, the Bayesian boasted the world’s tallest aluminum mast, standing over 72 meters above the deck. This engineering feat allowed the yacht to carry nearly 3,000 square meters of sail, making it a sight to behold on the open seas.

The yacht’s towering mast was not just for show; it was a technical challenge that required innovative solutions to ensure stability and safety. A former captain of the Bayesian highlighted the achievement of taming this massive structure, ensuring that it behaved dynamically during both sailing and motoring. This balance between design and function made the Bayesian a unique vessel in the world of superyachts.

A Floating Palace: The Luxurious Interiors

The interiors of the Bayesian yacht were designed by the acclaimed Rémi Tessier, a name synonymous with luxury and sophistication. Tessier, who has also designed suites for Claridge’s hotel in London and yachts for Swiss billionaire Ernesto Bertarelli, infused the Bayesian with a sense of pure and natural elegance. Drawing inspiration from Japanese design principles, Tessier utilized whitened sycamore and teak surfaces in the communal areas, creating a serene and calming environment for guests.

In the private cabins, materials such as stainless steel, ebony, and leather were carefully chosen to create a luxurious yet familiar atmosphere. The yacht could comfortably accommodate up to twelve guests in six beautifully appointed cabins, each attended by a staff of ten, dedicated to catering to every whim of the guests. The design emphasized outdoor living, with ample spaces for al fresco entertaining and relaxing on deck.

The Ultimate Playground: Onboard Amenities and Water Toys

For those fortunate enough to embark on a journey aboard the Bayesian, the yacht offered a plethora of amenities designed for both relaxation and adventure. The lower deck was divided into three distinct sections: crew accommodation towards the bow, guest staterooms in the middle, and the owner’s cabin at the aft. This layout ensured that guests enjoyed privacy and comfort throughout their stay.

The real fun, however, was found at the aft of the yacht, where a garage housed a collection of water toys and crafts. From jet skis and wakeboards to sea kayaks and banana boats, the Bayesian was equipped to offer endless entertainment on the water. A tender was also available to transport guests to secluded bays and ports, allowing them to explore the surrounding areas in style.

A Tragic End: The Sinking of the Bayesian

Despite its luxurious beginnings, the story of the Bayesian yacht took a tragic turn. In 2020, the yacht was refitted and no longer listed for private hire. By this time, it had been renamed Bayesian, a name that would become synonymous with one of the most harrowing maritime incidents in recent history.

In August 2024, during a celebratory voyage off the coast of Sicily, the Bayesian was caught in a sudden and severe storm. High winds, reportedly reaching up to 200km/h, battered the yacht, causing the massive aluminum mast to topple over the side. The force of the wind and the weight of the mast pushed the yacht beyond its down-flooding angle, causing seawater to flood the deck. Within minutes, the Bayesian capsized and sank.

A nearby vessel, the Sir Robert BP, witnessed the tragedy unfold. The crew of the Sir Robert BP reported seeing the Bayesian go flat on the water before disappearing beneath the waves. Despite their efforts to help, only 15 people were rescued from the sinking yacht, including a one-year-old baby who was heroically saved by her mother, Charlotte Golunski.

The Aftermath: A Somber Legacy

The sinking of the Bayesian yacht left a profound impact on the yachting community and beyond. Among those feared dead were tech tycoon Mike Lynch and his daughter Hannah, who were aboard the yacht celebrating Lynch’s recent legal victory in the United States. The tragedy underscored the unpredictable and often dangerous nature of the sea, even for vessels as advanced and well-crafted as the Bayesian.

The wreckage of the Bayesian was eventually discovered by divers, but the loss of life and the yacht itself marked a somber end to what was once a symbol of luxury and achievement. The images of the yacht, once proudly displayed in the homes of its owner, now serve as a poignant reminder of the fragility of life and the unpredictability of nature.

Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of the Bayesian Yacht

The Bayesian yacht, with its towering mast and luxurious interiors, will always be remembered as a masterpiece of nautical engineering and design. It stood as a symbol of opulence, craftsmanship, and the heights that human ingenuity can reach. Yet, its tragic end also serves as a reminder of the forces of nature and the risks inherent in venturing into the open sea.

For those who had the privilege of experiencing the Bayesian, it was more than just a yacht; it was a floating palace, a testament to the art of yacht-making, and a vessel that carried with it the dreams and aspirations of its owners and guests. Though the Bayesian now rests at the bottom of the Mediterranean, its legacy will continue to inspire and remind us of the delicate balance between luxury and nature.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What was the original name of the Bayesian yacht? The Bayesian yacht was originally named Salute when it was launched in 2008 by Perini Navi. The name was later changed to Bayesian.

2. Who designed the Bayesian yacht? The design of the Bayesian yacht was a collaboration between Ron Holland, who designed the yacht’s structure, and Rémi Tessier, who created its luxurious interiors.

3. What made the Bayesian yacht unique? The Bayesian yacht was unique for its 72-meter aluminum mast, the tallest in the world, and its luxurious interiors inspired by Japanese design. It was a perfect blend of engineering excellence and opulent living.

4. What led to the sinking of the Bayesian yacht? The Bayesian yacht sank after being caught in a severe storm off the coast of Sicily. High winds caused the mast to topple, which led to the yacht taking on water, capsizing, and sinking quickly.

5. How many people were rescued from the sinking Bayesian yacht? Fifteen people were rescued from the sinking Bayesian yacht, including a one-year-old baby. However, several others, including the yacht’s owner, Mike Lynch, are feared dead.

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Shinkai: Inside the design journey of the superyacht designed for deep-ocean adventures

With a name meaning "deep sea” in Japanese, the 55-metre Feadship explorer yacht Shinkai is packed with ocean-going accessories including a  7.2-tonne, three-person submarine and Toyota Land Cruiser. Currently turning heads in Hawaii, designer Phillipe Briand breaks down her brief and build...

“Designing explorers – boats with a meaningful purpose – really interests me,” says Philippe Briand , a naval architect whose 30-year career can be traced through the 12,000 or more yachts conceived on his drawing board: a multitude of race-winning custom sailboats, a huge number of cruising yachts from production builders Beneteau and Jeanneau and, latterly, a series of elegant custom superyachts bearing the stamp of his award-winning Vitruvius brand.

So when approached by a superyacht owner with a desire to explore high-latitude waters – not just above the waves, but also beneath – his attention was truly grabbed by the challenge. “This highly experienced client had plenty of ideas as to how he might achieve his goal,” Briand explains, “including the possibility of a ‘submarine yacht’ – an idea that was eventually decided to be just too far ahead of its time.”

The brief eventually evolved into a highly-customised 50-metre explorer, whose prime task was to carry and operate a three-man submarine. “Of course,” Briand continues, “the boat still had to have all the luxury of a superyacht and carry a normal complement of tenders and toys, as well as a Toyota Land Cruiser and an all-electric Jet-Ski, so the 50-metre target size was under pressure from the very start of the design process.” The ‘high latitude’ requirement, including a desire by the owner to transit the Northeast Passage, further added to the complexity.

A 6.3-tonne, U-Boat Worx C-Explorer 3 was eventually selected as the submarine of choice. To allow its deployment in less than perfect sea conditions, a 7.0-tonne crane with an 8-metre reach, with stabilising lines running from the sub to deck winches on the mothership, was identified as the most reliable method of launch and recovery. This would be accomplished as a ‘launch-and-go’ operation with the three passengers boarding the sub before launch.

Breakthrough stabilisation

Then came the issue of the mothership’s stabilisation. “I was not keen on using conventional fin stabilisers,” explains the owner, “because they are rather inefficient at low speed and can be damaged by ice and flotsam, so I suggested that we should investigate the use of gyro-stabilisation, as I knew this is being used successfully in many smaller craft today.”

The technology is not new – Emily Cadwallader’s 136-metre motor yacht Savarona had been fitted with a gyro weighing 50-tonnes in 1931 – but this was never considered a satisfactory solution on larger yachts until recent technological advances, including the operation of the gyro in a vacuum and a tenfold increase in rotational speed to 2,000rpm, prompted its reemergence – but only in boats up to around 30 metres LOA.

The main downside of scaling such technology up to larger vessels is that the gyro installation will occupy a significant volume in the yacht, but for this project there were other considerations. At cruising speed the gyro’s performance is slightly inferior to fins, but, says Briand, “this deficiency can be partially rectified by adding long bilge-boards to the hull”. Going with a gyro would also eliminate ice-vulnerable hull appendages, increase the fuel efficiency of Briand’s already efficient hull form, and provide significant additional stability when launching the submarine and tenders, so it quickly became the most compelling option.

With this choice made, the final hurdle was to identify a manufacturer. “No one had ever built such a large and technologically advanced gyro, and just two manufacturers worldwide had the capability,” explains the owner, “Veem in Australia and GyroMarine in Italy – both of whom satisfied us that they could build what we needed. We eventually chose the Livorno-based GyroMarine for their Active Drive concept that is more attuned to the needs of larger vessels with slower roll rates.”

A custom-built GyroMarine GM600 Active Drive System gyro – at that time the world’s largest active drive system – was selected. This 23-tonne beast is housed within a 3.3m x 2.7m x 2.5m cube and develops an impressive 850kN of angular momentum (a measure of rotor size and speed) that delivers a stabilising torque of 1,000kN m, with peak power consumption of 70kW. “It was a unique experience for us to work with such a passionately interested owner,” says Tony Hands, the technical manager of GyroMarine’s Active Drive technology. “He certainly put us through our paces to create an ideal solution for this very exciting yacht.”

The Toyota Land Cruiser also called for special treatment. “I’ve carried vehicles on previous yachts,” says the owner, “but they rust really badly in salty air.” The answer was to treat the vehicle in the same careful manner as one would an embarked helicopter and store it in a sealed garage.

Finalising the design

With these technical parameters decided, together with identifying the need for six guest suites and generous accommodation for 12 crew, Briand could start design work. His approach was first to concentrate on the stern to locate the submarine, tenders, toys and gyro, to confirm that they could be accommodated within Briand’s slender 50-metre hull with its characteristic steep underwater rise at the stern – an essential element to meet the owner’s demand for fuel-efficiency.

While highly efficient, this hull shape limits the volume available in the stern sections for the internal stowage of tenders and other equipment so, as the design progressed, the yacht’s size not only grew to 55 metres but the decision was also taken to store the submarine on the open aft deck, together with the two tenders and the Land Cruiser. The submarine takes pride of place, centrally positioned in a shallow well at the stern with its huge Palfinger knuckle-boom launching crane on its starboard side. Just forward is the watertight box containing the Land Cruiser, a 5.7-metre SOLAS tender and its launching crane and an 8-metre limousine tender, launched by the sub’s crane. It’s a deck layout that permits sufficient below-deck volume to be allocated to the gyro.

With these items provisionally positioned, it became apparent that the elegant, low-profile design that is the trademark of Vitruvius designs would not provide sufficient volume for spacious accommodation. “I therefore pressed the owner to add an additional ‘owner’s deck’,” explains Briand, “rather than increase the length once again, which would make access to shelter and small harbours more difficult. After much discussion concerning the effect on the yacht’s aesthetics, this was eventually agreed.”

The remainder of the vessel offers all the luxury of a regular superyacht. Below an open observation deck, the uppermost enclosed deck contains the wheelhouse and captain’s cabin, while below is the owner’s deck featuring a full-beam dining room, two impressive suites and his and hers offices that provide panoramic views forward. Two spacious guest suites and two twin-bed children’s suites are located on the main deck together with the main saloon. Excluding the engine and gyro rooms, the crew have the lower deck to themselves, with seven cabins, a large mess room, laundry and galley.

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What caused the fatal sinking of the superyacht Bayesian?

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Victor Mallet and Visual and Data Journalism team in London

Roula Khalaf, Editor of the FT, selects her favourite stories in this weekly newsletter.

One of the world’s largest sailing superyachts sank in high winds off Sicily on Monday, causing the death of UK tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch and six other passengers and crew whose bodies were recovered from the wreck or from the sea.

The trip on the Lynch family’s yacht had been intended to celebrate his recent acquittal by a US jury, with 12 passengers on board, including his wife and 18-year-old daughter, and 10 crew members.

The Italian coastguard said the 56-metre, 540-tonne, British-flagged yacht Bayesian sank within minutes after it was hit by ferocious winds of 60 knots (over 110km/h) near Palermo.

The rapid sinking of such a large, modern and well-equipped yacht due to bad weather, rather than as a result of a collision, has raised concerns over marine safety as extreme weather events occur with more frequency and intensity.

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Why did the superyacht sink?

The yacht may well have been caught in a waterspout — a form of tornado — because the extreme wind speeds were recorded only in a localised area around the harbour of Porticello, where the boat was anchored about 300 metres offshore when it was struck.

Karsten Börner, the skipper of a nearby boat, told the FT that Bayesian appeared to capsize. He said he regarded the boat as unstable and his comments suggest that it could have been the combination of high winds and Bayesian’s 72-metre mast — the world’s tallest aluminium mast, according to manufacturers Perini Navi — that triggered the disaster.

Even with no sails up, a boat with a tall mast has a lot of “windage”, or surface area exposed to the wind, which can tip the vessel over in a storm. The boat may have heeled over so far that it took on water through open windows, hatches or companionways.

According to Perini Navi, Bayesian had a keel that can be lifted to reduce the draught of the boat — otherwise nearly 10 metres — for easier entrance to shallow harbours. If the keel were for some reason in the raised position rather than fully extended, that could compromise the boat’s stability in a strong wind.

Skippers of sailing yachts with exceptionally high masts typically aim to move out of harm’s way if strong winds are forecast.

Yacht designers and sailors are nevertheless puzzled by the sinking of the boat. AIS (Automatic Identification System) tracking data shows it took 16 minutes from the time Bayesian appeared to started dragging its anchor until it sank. But it is not yet known whether vulnerable hatches were open or when water started entering the boat. Italian prosecutors are investigating possible charges of manslaughter and “negligent shipwreck”.

Giovanni Costantino, chief executive of Italian Sea Group, which owns Perini Navi, told the Financial Times that Bayesian was “absolutely safe” and said the crew should have had time to secure the boat and evacuate passengers from their cabins.

Should we blame climate change?

Climate change is likely to have been at least a contributing factor in the Mediterranean’s unsettled and sometimes violent weather this summer. The Mediterranean is a favoured cruising ground for superyachts during the northern hemisphere summer — in winter, the wealthy prefer the Caribbean or the Indian Ocean — because the weather is typically warm and sunny, and storms are rare. 

Meteorological experts have long predicted that climate change and the heating-up of oceans will help trigger more extreme weather events, including floods, droughts and more severe hurricanes.

Last week, the Mediterranean reached a median temperature of 28.9C — its highest surface temperature on record — and similar records are being broken in other seas. June was the 15th consecutive month that global sea temperatures hit a record high and forecasters predict the warmer waters may fuel an intense Atlantic hurricane season.

Will disasters at sea occur more often?

While design improvements and safety regulations have made even the smallest boats safer, the potential dangers posed by bad weather are increasing in line with the rising number of pleasure vessels at sea.

Last week, a sudden and exceptionally strong thunderstorm with wind squalls blowing at up to 53 knots (about 100km/h) swept over the Balearic Islands of Ibiza and Formentera, driving several sailing and motor yachts to crash on to the shore. Among those damaged and grounded but later recovered was a luxury, 30-metre vessel made by the Monaco-based Wally Yachts .

The cause was a thunderstorm known as a “Dana”, a Spanish acronym for depresión aislada en niveles altos or isolated high-altitude depression. The bad weather also caused serious flooding in Mallorca and Menorca to the north.

How can boat makers and skippers help avoid more deaths?

The weather in the Mediterranean is often notoriously unpredictable and prone to sudden, unforecast gales — unlike the north Atlantic, where weather shifts are usually signalled days in advance by changing air pressure and cloud formations visible to the naked eye.

Safety at sea depends largely on two factors: the seaworthiness of the boat and the skill and experience of the captain and crew.

Modern boats — Bayesian was built in 2008 and refurbished four years ago — are normally built to high safety standards and equipped with electronic navigation and communications systems, as well as standard emergency gear such as life vests.

Common accidents include people falling overboard, fires on board and accidental groundings or collisions — not sinking in bad weather.

Visual and data team: Alan Smith, Aditi Bhandhari, Ian Bott and Jana Tauschinski

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• Sailboat Guide

C&C Corvette 31

C&C Corvette 31 is a 31 ′ 2 ″ / 9.5 m monohull sailboat designed by C&C Design and built by C&C Yachts between 1966 and 1971.

• 2 / 17 Buford, GA, US 1968 C&C Corvette 31 $4,000 USD View
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Rig and Sails

Auxilary power, accomodations, calculations.

The theoretical maximum speed that a displacement hull can move efficiently through the water is determined by it's waterline length and displacement. It may be unable to reach this speed if the boat is underpowered or heavily loaded, though it may exceed this speed given enough power. Read more.

Classic hull speed formula:

Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

Max Speed/Length ratio = 8.26 ÷ Displacement/Length ratio .311 Hull Speed = Max Speed/Length ratio x √LWL

Sail Area / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the power of the sails relative to the weight of the boat. The higher the number, the higher the performance, but the harder the boat will be to handle. This ratio is a "non-dimensional" value that facilitates comparisons between boats of different types and sizes. Read more.

SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
• D : Displacement in pounds.

Ballast / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

Displacement / Length Ratio

A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds.
• LWL: Waterline length in feet

Comfort Ratio

This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
• LOA: Length overall in feet
• Beam: Width of boat at the widest point in feet

Capsize Screening Formula

This formula attempts to indicate whether a given boat might be too wide and light to readily right itself after being overturned in extreme conditions. Read more.

CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

The CORVETTE was built at C&Cs Belleville Marine Yard/Morch Marine in Belleville, Ontario, Canada. Photo courtesy Adam Hunt.

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